The number of refugees and IDPs are increasing from fragile situations around the world. Lack of protective community structures and poor reach of health systems to these people result in both groups facing a triple burden of disease: 1) communicable diseases due to e.g. poor housing and sanitary conditions, 2) NCDs, because of poor life style and refugees are today older, and 3) injury due to e.g. violence and poor working conditions.

This lesson focuses on the impact of limited sanitation coverage and the experiences gained from past sanitation programs. Some of the challenges of expanded sanitation relate to barriers at the community level but equally important at the institutional and policy levels. The most basic problem is that there are limited funds available for investment in sanitation. It is argued that the most important priority will be to design and promote toilets that people can afford and in a design that they would use.
Participants: Professor Sandy Cairncros.

This video introduces the content and the history that has led to the definition of the broad approach called sexual and reproductive health and rights. It has developed from use of contraception and the rights and knowledge to decide how many children a family wants, over maternal mortality during birth and sexual transmission of diseases. Today the area also includes discussions of sexual orientation, relations outside marriage and early marriage.

TB is one of the oldest known diseases (since antiquity at least), and it is estimated that a quarter of the human population is infected by the bacteria that causes TB. Not everyone gets TB though. Learn more about this fascinating disease and old companion of humans here.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

How do you test a new vaccine in the middle of the biggest Ebola outbreak the world has experienced? Hear Dr. Yap Boum tell more about how it was done.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

This presentation focuses on the rise of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and the findings related to NCDs globally. Furthermore, we’ll explore the concept of Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY), which is the main indicator that’ll be used to monitor burden and disease outcomes for the risk factors.

This video introduce the student to the UNFPA, its role as global health organization and provides concrete examples of the type of work undertaken by UNFPA. A particular emphasis upon modalities in support of government institutions. One of the most important mandates of UNFPA relate to ensure that people have access to appropriate family planning. This is supported by ensuring that communities have access to a broad range of contraceptives to meet the various needs of different people.
Participants: Chief, Procurement Services Branch, UNFPA Eric Dupont

Pneumonia still kills almost a million children each year, making it the biggest child killer. Most of its victims are less than 2 years old. Learn more about pneumonia and how to prevent it here.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

Diarrheal diseases are easy to prevent, but is still one of the biggest child killers. In the past few years there has been a reduction in diarrheal deaths, in part thanks to the new Rota vaccine.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

Even though malaria cases have gone down in the past 20 years, the battle is still not won, and in some places there's a backlash. There is also the threat of drug resistance that can revert this positive trend. Learn more about our third biggest child killer - malaria.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

Downloadable transcripts for the videos from Karolinska Institutet, from the course "An Introduction to Global Health".The course is originally published at EdX. 

Pesticide self-poisoning is among the leading cause of suicide worldwide. This presentation provides us with an insight to the risk factors for pesticide self-poisoning, the global burden, prevention and treatment of self-harm with pesticides. The session use Sri Lanka as a case. The presentation is of relevance for researchers as well as for public health practitioners. It exemplifies how the different levels of intervention have to work very closely to make an impact.

Vaccination is one of the main successes in public health. Learn more about common childhood vaccinations, both old and new.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

Handwashing is one of he most cost-effective way to improve health that we know of. Learn more about handwashing, hygiene and toilets in this session.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

This presentation provides an introduction to the innovative use of technology to improve maternal and child health in low and middle income countries. Two of the major challenges in relation to reproductive and child health is access to health services and the quality of services provided in the health system. In continuation of this we’ll look into how mobile phone interventions can strengthen access to and quality of life saving interventions particularly in the time surrounding the delivery when the woman and the newborns are most vulnerable.

This class provides a space for medical students and MD/PhD students, as well as HASTS (History, Anthropology, Science, Technology, and Society) PhD students to discuss social and ethical issues in the biosciences and biotechnologies as they are being developed. Discussions are with course faculty and with leading figures in developing technologies such as George Daley or George Church in stem cell or genomics research, Bruce Walker or Pardis Sabeti in setting up laboratories in Africa, Paul Farmer and Partners in Health colleagues in building local support systems and first world quality care in Haiti, Peru, and Rwanda, and Amy Farber in building patient-centered therapeutic-outcome research for critical but “orphan” diseases. Goals include stimulating students to think about applying their learning in Boston to countries around the world, including using the experiences they have had in their home countries or research experience abroad. Goals also include a mix of patient-doctor care perspectives from medical anthropology, and moving upstream in the research chain to questions of how to move discoveries from basic research through the pipelines into clinical and bedside care.

This is an introduction to the fascinated multidisciplinary world of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). An area relevant due to the 1,5 million people annually dying of WASH-related disease, but also highly relevant during any emergency, whether it is a cholera outbreak in the slums of Dhaka Bangladesh, drought and water shortage in Kenya or hygiene-related virus outbreaks anywhere on the globe. The course ties theories of engineering, anthropology, public health, epidemiology, microbiology, disaster management, etc. with practical exercises to provide the student with the multifaceted background knowledge needed to be able to respond in an emergency actively. The course Water and sanitation in Emergencies started as a response to the Tsunami in 2004 and is now an independent elective course under the world-renowned Master of Disaster Management program, http://www.mdma.ku.dk, at University of Copenhagen. Read more and register for the course on https://globalhealth.ku.dk/studies/courses/water_supply_and_sanitation_in_emergencies.

The discovery of antibiotics less than 100 years ago revolutionized health care, making former deadly diseases treatable. Still many people especially in low-income countries do not have access to these life-saving drugs, while att he same time, in many other arts of the world over-consumption of antibiotics is driving antimicrobial resistance, threatening to throw us back 100 years in time.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

Guest lecture with Professor David S. Jones, Harvard, held at IGS, University of Bergen, January 25, 2019. Organized with support from the research group Health-, welfare and history of science, AHKR. Abstract: Coronary artery disease became the leading cause of death worldwide in the twentieth century. In the 1950s, however, CAD mortality began to fall, first in California, and then throughout the United States and in other high income countries from New Zealand to Norway. Mortality rates fell 50 percent in many countries, one of the great accomplishments of modern public health and medicine. In the 1990s, however, disease surveillance programs began to detect signs that the decline of CAD had slowed or plateaued. In some populations the decline has reversed. Life expectancy in the United States has now decreased for the first time in over a century. Health officials similarly fear an impending epidemic of dementia, despite evidence that the incidence of that disease has recently begun to decline. How should these public health fears be assessed? How should health policy priorities be set? I will trace the history of disease decline and resurgence to identify patterns in how public health officials create data and craft them into powerful narratives of progress or pessimism. This perspective can help us to interpret the narratives that circulate today. About the lecturer: Trained in psychiatry and history of science, David Jones is the Ackerman Professor of the Culture of Medicine at Harvard University. His research has focused on the causes and meanings of health inequalities (Rationalizing Epidemics: Meanings and Uses of American Indian Mortality since 1600) and the history of decision making in cardiac therapeutics (Broken Hearts: The Tangled History of Cardiac Care, 2013). He is currently at work on three other histories, of the evolution of coronary artery surgery, of heart disease and cardiac therapeutics in India, and of the threat of air pollution to health. His teaching at Harvard College and Harvard Medical School explores the history of medicine, medical ethics, and social medicine. Filming and editing by Magnus Vollset (who apologizes for the poor light)

This presentation talks about anthropological perspectives of relevance to mass drug administration. Anthropology is a social science discipline focused on studying culture, including norms, values, perceptions and practices and how people enact these in their daily lives.