This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, plays critical roles in animal development and in repair of DNA damage. Since DNA damage is a major factor in cancer development, identifying the regulators of damage-induced apoptosis could help researchers develop treatments. A recent study investigated whether NHR-14, an important developmental protein in the model organism C. elegans, also contributes to damage-induced apoptosis . using mutant C. elegans that are especially susceptible to radiation-induced DNA damage. Deletion of the gene encoding NHR-14, which corresponds to HNF4 in humans, decreased radiation-induced apoptosis of sex cells without affecting the levels of normal (non-damage-induced) apoptosis, indicating a specific role in the damage-induced death pathway. Further exploration revealed that the NHR-14 gene acts “downstream” of the DNA damage checkpoint pathway and regulates the transcription of the genes egl-1 and ced-13 after DNA is damaged..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Critical defects that compromise the nucleus during cell division could be the basis for the age-accelerating effects of people living with progeria. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes premature aging. Affecting one in 8 million newborns worldwide, the disorder is extremely rare—and fatal. The rapid aging of the cardiovascular system causes death due to heart attack or stroke in patients by their mid-teens. Progeria is caused by a tiny point mutation in the lamin A gene. This gene is responsible for producing structural proteins called lamins, which form the scaffolding that holds the cell nucleus together. The mutated form of prelamin A called progerin destabilizes the cell nucleus—the genetic control center of cells. The result is the fast-aging effects observed in progeria. But the link from gene mutation to physical disorder has remained a mystery. Previous studies have looked only at models of progeria, not at actual patient cells..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This quick tour provides a brief introduction to the Cellular Microscopy Phenotype Ontology (CMPO). It covers the scientific principles that led to the creation of this ontology and how it can be used.

By the end of the course you will be able to:
Describe the role of CMPO
Search and browse the ontology and use it to annotate data

In this seminar, you will discover that proteins need additional processing after translation. You will determine what you know and what you need to know through a knowledge inventory and quiz. You will try your hand at gaming to learn protein modification and structure, or build an RNA molecule to create proteins.StandardsBIO.B.2.2.1 Describe how the processes of transcription and translation are similar in all organisms.BIO.B.2.2.2 Describe the role of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and the nucleus in the production of specific types of proteins.BIO.B.2.3.1 Describe how genetic mutations alter the DNA sequence and may or may not affect phenotype (e.g., silent, nonsense, frame-shift).

Life as an emergent property of networks of chemical reactions involving proteins and nucleic acids. Mathematical theories of metabolism, gene regulation, signal transduction, chemotaxis, excitability, motility, mitosis, development, and immunity. Applications to directed molecular evolution, DNA computing, and metabolic and genetic engineering.

What cellular evidence do we have to construct evolutionary trees and believe that all life on Earth shares a common ancestry?

This quick tour provides a brief introduction to ChEBI, the EBI's Chemical Entities of Biological Interest database, which focuses on 'small' chemical compounds.

By the end of the course you will be able to:
explain what the ChEBI Database is and how you can use it to access chemical compounds of interest
demonstrate where to find out more about ChEBI

Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) is a user-friendly online chemical dictionary that focuses on the nomenclature, structure, and biological properties of 'small' molecules that may be encountered by anyone working in molecular biology. This course will show you what kind of information is available in ChEBI and how to access and query the database.

By the end of the course you will be able to:
Evaluate what ChEBI is and how it can be useful in your day-to-day research
Know what data are stored and how ChEBI classifies molecules (understanding ChEBI ontology)
Be able to carry out different types of search

This quick tour provides a brief introduction to ChEMBL, the EMBL-EBI's chemogenomics resource.

By the end of the course you will be able to:
Describe what ChEMBL is and how it can help you to understand the interactions between drugs or drug-like molecules and their targets
Recall where to find out more about ChEMBL

With this game, students explore the connection between climate, genetic variation and the transmission of hantavirus. A board and game pieces are provided. The resource is supported by teacher background information, assessments, and a scoring rubric. This is Activity 1 of the learning module, Human Health, Climate and Disease: A Critical Connection, part of the lesson series, Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Many factors affect the evolution of species, but a new influence has recently been recognized. Gut microbes – tiny residents of the intestinal tracts of all animals – have wide-ranging effects on the physiology of their hosts and scientists are increasingly appreciating that diversification may actually be correlated with changes in the gut microbiota. However, the extent to which gut microbes evolve along with a host species remains unclear. A recent study examined this correlation using an ideal model – a system where evolution repeated itself in different geographic settings. Beginning with two groups of Nicaraguan cichlid fish that evolved in parallel in different crater lakes researchers sequenced microbes from fish guts and lake water to determine whether species diverged in parallel. They found that bacterial communities in fish were distinct from those in lake water..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Students learn about the evolution of landscape painting in France from the 17th to the 19th century. They will examine and compare three landscape paintings, emphasizing space, depth, and the concepts of foreground, middle ground, and background.

In this course, students will develop their abilities to expose ways that scientific knowledge has been shaped in contexts that are gendered, racialized, economically exploitative, and hetero-normative. This happens through a sequence of four projects that concern:

Interpretation of the cultural dimension of sciences
Climate change futures
Genomic citizenry
Students’ plans for ongoing practice

The course uses a Project-Based Learning format that allows students to shape their own directions of inquiry in each project, development of skills, and collegial support. Students’ learning will be guided by individualized bibliographies co-constructed with the instructors, the inquiries of the other students, and a set of tools and processes for literary analysis, inquiry, reflection, and support. 
Acknowledgement
Professor Peter Taylor spent several years crafting the unique structure of the course, which is crucial to the way it was taught. 
The Consortium for Graduate Studies in Gender, Culture, Women, and Sexuality
This course was taught as part of the Consortium for Graduate Studies in Gender, Culture, Women, and Sexuality (GCWS) at MIT. The GCWS brings together scholars and teachers at nine degree-granting institutions in the Boston area who are devoted to graduate teaching and research in Women’s Studies and to advance interdisciplinary Women’s Studies scholarship.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Walking through the produce section at the grocery store, you are likely to find tomatoes of all shapes, sizes, and colors. One variety may be large and oblong with a hint of bitter flavor while another will have small, sweet fruits. This variance is primarily the result of genetic and chemical properties of the different varieties. But it turns out, environment also plays a role. A team of Italian scientists has shown that the molecular properties of tomatoes are strongly influenced by environmental factors such as temperature and moisture. And changing these factors can, in turn, have pronounced effects on the physical and culinary qualities of the fruits – an important finding considering the pace of current climate change. To tease apart the interaction between genetics, environment, and organoleptic traits, the research team grew three tomato varieties in two different locations. This exposed the plants to varying levels of moisture, soil acidity, and temperature, among other conditions..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Can we change the blueprints of life? This week we are exploring that question with genetic engineering. We’ll discuss how selective breeding can improve agricultural practices, and the potential DNA-level engineering could have on other fields of engineering. We’ll also look at how optogenetics and CRISPR have opened up new ways for genetic engineers to change the DNA inside living cells.

This outline was created as a lecture outline for my online Fundamentals of Biology course to accompany Concepts of Biology by Open Stax.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Bacteria and other microorganisms cover nearly every surface on earth, including the surfaces we build and maintain. Ocean piers are unique sites at the intersection of terrestrial, aquatic, and human-built environments. Saltwater spray, inclement weather, and pollutants make piers a harsh environment for bacteria. Together, these factors suggest that piers house a unique microbiome. Researchers recently conducted a study to characterize the microbiomes found on pier surfaces. On nine piers along the coast of Hong Kong, the researchers found diverse microbiomes that were rich in novel bacterial species. Surface material (metal versus concrete) was the strongest factor influencing the bacterial community structure. Although the overall abundance was low, corrosion-associated bacteria were more prevalent on metal surfaces, and high-touch surfaces like handrails and poles had more human skin-associated microbes than other surfaces..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This is the second in a series of modules which detail the research of Charles Darwin and evolutionary theory. This module continues with a discussion of the processes that led to Darwin's formulation of the theory of natural selection.

This module introduces Darwin's Galapagos travels and an introduction to the theory of evolution as a force for biological change and diversification. This is the first in a series of modules which detail the research of Charles Darwin and evolutionary theory.