OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE (OER)
Overview
This includes the brief introduction to OPEN EDUCATION RESOURCE (OER)
OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE (OER)
1. WHAT IS OER?
Open educational resources (OER) are publicly accessible, freely editable, and redistributable educational materials. Any educational material, from syllabus to whole courses, may be included. It is not possible to classify a material as an OER if it is not free or freely licensed. An open license is one that allows the public to access, utilize, repurpose, adapt, and redistribute educational resources while also respecting the copyright owner's intellectual property rights.The first worldwide legal instrument to include the field of freely licensed educational resources and technology in education is the Recommendation on OER, which was endorsed by the UNESCO General Conference during its 40th session on November 25, 2019.
2. OPEN SOURCE LICENSE
I want to first discuss the definition of the phrase "open-source" with you before delving further into this post. Any program supplied by the organization that has a copy of the original source code is accessible for free modification and redistribution. The phrase "open-source license" then appears; it refers to a type of software license that covers the product's source code, design, blueprint, algorithm, etc. Under specific controlled criteria and conditions, it is readily utilized, disseminated, and updated. It is evident that open source includes essential requirements that come under the General Public License(GPL) in addition to providing access to the source code.
• The license must be Technology-Natural.
• Source code • Free Redistribution
• Distribution of license • Derived work
• A license must not be specific to the product
• No discrimination between the field of endeavor
• A license must not restrict other software
• The integrity of the author’s source code
On the basis of copyright law, contracts & licensing mouse, the licensing spectrum also contains the following licenses:
• The GPL, LGPL & Mozilla licenses
• Classic proprietary licenses
• The Artistic, creative common & QT licenses
• The Apache, BSD, MIT & academic free licenses
• Microsoft shred source project & sun community source licenses
In order to elaborate more, basically, an open-source license is divided into two parts which are:
1. Copyleft Licenses
• Common development and distribution license (CDDL)
• Mozilla public licenses (MPL)
• GPL • Lesser GPL (LGPL)
• Affero GPL (AGPL)
• Eclipse public license (EPL)
2. Permissive Licenses
• Apache 2
• BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution)
• MIT
3.WHAT IS OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING Open access (OA) refers to a set of guiding principles and a variety of methods that allow for the unrestricted online distribution of research products. By using an open license for copyright, restrictions to copying or reusing are likewise diminished or eliminated under various forms of open access publication. Peer-reviewed scientific literature is where the open access movement primarily focuses its attention. This has historically been mostly focused on print-based scholarly journals. Open-access journals are distinguished by funding models that do not require the reader to pay to read the journal's contents, instead relying on author fees or on public funding, subsidies, and sponsorships. In contrast, non-open access journals cover publishing costs through access tolls such as subscriptions, site licenses, or pay-per-view fees. All types of published research output, including academic journal articles that have undergone peer review as well as those that have not, conference papers, theses, book chapters, monographs, research reports, and pictures, are eligible for open access.
As the majority of open access journals receive their funding from the publishing fees paid by the authors, OA publishers are driven to boost their revenues by admitting papers of subpar quality and omitting rigorous peer review. Yet, OA publications in the most famous journals now cost more than 5,000 US dollars per paper, making this publishing model expensive for a sizable portion of scholars. The "Open-Access Sequel to Serials Crisis" has been used to describe this surge in publication costs.
4.WHAT IS OPEN ACCESS?
"Open access" is free unrestricted online access to scientific and scholarly research. There are two primary vehicles for providing open access: open access journals, and open access archives or repositories. Peter Suber, OSC Director, has written a detailed post on this topic called "How to Make Your Own Work Open Access" for the Harvard Open Access Project.
There are 2 primary ways to make your publications open access
1. Publish in open access journals. (See Preprints & Publishing)
2. Deposit your publication in an open access repository, such as DASH, Harvard University Library's open access repository.
• Check the journal's copyright policy for self-archiving (use SHERPA/RoMEO)
• Identify an appropriate repository available to you (such as DASH)
• Deposit your work (or have someone deposit it for you)
5.WHAT IS OPEN DATA?
"Open data" is data that can be freely used, reused and redistributed by anyone—subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and share-alike (Open Data Handbook). Open scientific data focuses on the primary research data published within or alongside research papers.
6.WHAT IS A CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CMS)?
In our increasingly connected world, businesses need to have a strong online presence to reach consumers and sell more.But not everyone has the technical expertise to create and manage pages and content on the internet. This is where a CMS, short for Content Management System, can help many people and companies. Instead of building your own system for creating web pages, storing images, and other functions, the content management system handles all that basic infrastructure stuff for you so that you can focus on more forward-facing parts of your website.Beyond websites, you can also find content management systems for other functions – like document management.
7.How Does a Content Management System Work?
To give you an idea of how a content management system works, we’re going to take a whirlwind tour of the WordPress interface (WordPress is a good example of a content management system).Let’s start with creating a piece of content. Without a content management system, you’d need to write a static HTML file and upload it to your server (sounds complicated, right?).With a content management system like WordPress, you can just write your content in an interface that looks a good bit like Microsoft Word
8.What Makes up a Content Management System?
On a more technical level, a content management system is made up of two core parts:
• A content management application (CMA) – this is the part that allows you to actually add and manage content on your site (like you saw above).
• A content delivery application (CDA) – this is the backend, behind-the-scenes process that takes the content you input in the CMA, stores it properly, and makes it visible to your visitors.