This text was created by students in PHED 301 - Advanced Anatomy in the Sport, Health & Physical Education department at Vancouver Island University.

Bycatch, the unintended capture of animals in commercial fishing gear, is a hot topic in marine conservation today. The surprisingly high level of bycatch about 25% of the entire global catch is responsible for the decline of hundreds of thousands of dolphins, whales, porpoises, seabirds and sea turtles each year. Through this curricular unit, students analyze the significance of bycatch in the global ecosystem and propose solutions to help reduce bycatch. They become familiar with current attempts to reduce the fishing mortality of these animals. Through the associated activities, the challenges faced today are reinforced and students are stimulated to brainstorm about possible engineering designs or policy changes that could reduce the magnitude of bycatch.

In this textbook the focus will be on the bacteria and archaea (traditionally known as the “prokaryotes,”) and the viruses and other acellular agents.

This textbook is designed to actively engage your exploration and critical analysis of human anatomical variation in an Australian and New Zealand context. Understanding anatomical variation is essential for all health professionals to avoid patient misdiagnosis such as confusing a natural variant with a pathology, minimise surgical or procedural errors that may occur if variations are unexpected, and ultimately improve patient outcomes by applying culturally safe practices. Research in anatomical variation has demonstrated significant differences in phenotypic expression of variants between and within geographic, ancestral and socioeconomic populations, as well as displaying significant variance between males and females. It is therefore critical as a health professional to understand anatomical variation in the context of the population you intend to practice in. This textbook compiles this critical information into an easy to read summary of the range and frequency of anatomical phenotypes in Australian and New Zealand patients by drawing from contemporary anatomical science research. Anatomical variation of Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and Māori peoples has also been highlighted where research is available.

An adapted version of the OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology with revised content and artwork.

This is the laboratory component of Anatomy & Physiology I. The concepts covered range from anatomical terminology, directional terms, body orientation to exercises on tissues, the integumentary, skeletal, muscular and nervous systems.

The Anatomy Quizbook is an interactive learning book that will help students and tutors – indeed anyone interested in anatomy – learn, test and improve their knowledge of the human body.

Readers are presented with carefully selected questions and diagrams addressing core learning in clinically-relevant anatomy. This selective rather than exhaustive approach will especially suit time-poor scholars. Regular self-testing will also ensure a robust and strategic understanding of the subject matter.

In this first Volume, you can develop your knowledge of fundamental anatomy, including clinically-relevant terminology and the significant parts and operation of the:

- Thorax, focusing on the heart, lungs, and associated bones, muscles, nerves, blood and lymphatic vessels.

- Abdomen, exploring the stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, spleen and their supporting structures (muscles, nerves, blood and lymphatic vessels).

- Pelvis, examining the bones, ligaments, vessels and nerves of the pelvic region, the features of male and female pelves, and the major digestive and excretory organs (colon, rectum, bladder and urethra).

Whilst developed primarily for students who are studying, or intend to study, medicine, the Anatomy Quizbook will reward all readers who seek to explore and learn about the workings of the human body.

Regular users will find much to learn and build on, hopefully leading to further enthusiasm for a valuable subject that underpins much of medicine.

This is the open educational resource for BIO2311: Anatomy & Physiology I. This site provides all you will need for the course including a syllabus, link to the textbook, lecture notes, assignments, and all other related resources.

Anatomy and Physiology is a dynamic textbook for the two-semester human anatomy and physiology course for life science and allied health majors. The book is organized by body system and covers standard scope and sequence requirements. Its lucid text, strategically constructed art, career features, and links to external learning tools address the critical teaching and learning challenges in the course. The web-based version of Anatomy and Physiology also features links to surgical videos, histology, and interactive diagrams.

Anatomy and Physiology is a dynamic textbook for the two-semester human anatomy and physiology course for life science and allied health majors. The book is organized by body system and covers standard scope and sequence requirements. Its lucid text, strategically constructed art, career features, and links to external learning tools address the critical teaching and learning challenges in the course. The web-based version of Anatomy and Physiology also features links to surgical videos, histology, and interactive diagrams.

Includes the study of the gross and microscopic structure of the systems of the human body with special emphasis on the relationship between structure and function. Integrates anatomy and physiology of cells, tissues, organs, the systems of the human body, and mechanisms responsible for homeostasis.

Anatomy and Physiology II syllabi and supplemental materials. This course covers a survey of the human body that stresses biological principles, chemical interpretations, and physical applications at the various levels of organization. The class lectures cover embryonic and physiologic theories of muscular, nervous, integument, skeletal, and endocrine systems. The class laboratories examine the integument, skeletal, and nervous systems. The department encourages students to complete Principles of Biology II/Lab (BIO102) and/or Chemical Science I/Lab (CHM110) before enrolling in this course. Course meets: 3 hrs. lecture; 3 hrs. lab. Course materials by Dr. Phillip T. Wong and Dr. Mark Beaumont, content added to OER Commons by Victoria Vidal.

Includes sections on the Endocrine System, the Cardiovascular System, the Lymphatic and Immune System, the Respiratory System, the Digestive System, Nutrition, the Urinary System, the Reproductive System, and Development and Inheritance.

This Open Course is an adaptation of OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology and was created under a Round Nine ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Topics covered include:

Chemical Organization
Cellular Organization
Tissue Organization
Integumentary System
Skeletal System
Muscular System
Nervous System
Endocrine System
Cardiovascular System
Lymphatic System
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Reproductive System

Syllabi and Lab Exercises for SCI 201: Anatomy and Physiology I. This course is designed to provide students with a basic understanding of the structure, function and disorders of the human body. Topics include an overview of the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems, as well as a discussion of tissues and special senses. A three-hour lab session is required each week. Course materials written by Maria Carles and Georgia Thoidis, content uploaded to OER Commons by Victoria Vidal.

This course is the first part of the two semester course of Anatomy and Physiology. It integrates the anatomy and physiology of cells, tissues, organs and human body systems, It includes the study of the gross and microscopic structure of the systems of the human body with special emphasis on the relationship between structure and function. It is based on OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology book and is supplemented by content from the Open Learning Initiative (Carnegie Mellon University Open Learning Initative) and Boundless Physiology Open Book.

Lab manual for two semester anatomy and physiology laboratory course. The chapters parallel the OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology textbook. Chapter features include an initial Motivation section with information related to nursing and allied health careers as well as health disparities. Background information, pre-laboratory questions, lab exercises and post-laboratory questions are found in each chapter. The platform is Pressbooks on VIVA Virginia's Academic Library Consortium, authored by Norfolk State University Faculty

These are PDFs of each chapter of the OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology textbook. They can be posted to D2L for easy access for students.

Veterinary nurses need to have a firm grasp of the normal structure of an animal’s body and how it functions before they can understand the effect diseases and injuries have and the best ways to treat them. This book describes the structure of the animal body and the way in which it works. Animals encountered in normal veterinary practice are used as examples where possible.

Introduction to Biotechnology II (BIOL1415), provides learners with a practical exploration of a regulated biotechnology workplace. This course is a continuation of Introduction to Biotechnology I (BIOL 1414), and the cornerstone for the Biotechnology Level-One Certificate, as it provides students ample opportunity to master entry-level laboratory workforce skills. This course builds on knowledge in biotechnology, chemistry, & biology, and provides workforce training in areas of regulatory documentation, equipment validation, and teamwork. The goals of this course are to develop core laboratory skills needed in a bioscience lab job; critical thinking and multitasking, teamwork and accountability, accuracy in calculations and experimental analysis, and demonstrate skills associated with working in a regulated laboratory workplace.

Animal welfare has been described as a complex, multi-faceted public policy issue which includes important scientific, ethical, and other dimensions. Improving our understanding of animal welfare, involves the fascinating study of animal behavior as well as the challenge of accessing the emotions of animals.

This is the On-Demand version of this course, which means you can start the course at any time and work through the course materials at your own pace. The materials and quizzes will always be available to you.

You can come and talk about the course on Twitter using the hashtag #EdAniWelf

This course applies the tools of anthropology to examine biology in the age of genomics, biotechnological enterprise, biodiversity conservation, pharmaceutical bioprospecting, and synthetic biology. It examines such social concerns such as bioterrorism, genetic modification, and cloning. It offers an anthropological inquiry into how the substances and explanations of biology—ecological, organismic, cellular, molecular, genetic, informatic—are changing. It examines such artifacts as cell lines, biodiversity databases, and artificial life models, and using primary sources in biology, social studies of the life sciences, and literary and cinematic materials, and asks how we might answer Erwin Schrodinger’s 1944 question, “What Is Life?” today.

El presente manuscrito es resultado de investigaciones multidisciplinarias bajo diferentes perspectivas científicas-académicas, mediante la confrontación de criterios de diferentes autores bajo un enfoque descriptivo que señala la importancia de ética en varios escenarios actuales como son en la discriminación de la mujer en ambiente laboral, el manejo de los individuos dentro de las organizaciones, dentro de la agricultura al momento de producir y cultivar, como la ética afecta al clima organizacional y lagestión docente dentro del caso de estudio de una universidad, la ética y la responsabilidad social empresarial como reto de las empresas, la discriminación laboral como comportamiento poco ético en el área de recursos humanos, y por ultimo una contrastación de la ética en la publicidad de las empresas. Estos estudios se realizan desde una mirada científica y se la acerca a la realidad ecuatoriana.

The eBook “Applications of Plant Pathology in Genebank Collections” was developed in part by USDA-ARS and by grant 2020-70003-30930 from the USDA-NIFA-Higher Education Challenge Grant Program. Additional chapters will be added to this eBook when they are available. This eBook contains chapters that can be accessed in any order. Click on “Contents” in the upper left corner and then expand “Main Body” to access chapter titles; scrolling may be necessary to view all chapter titles. Chapters can also be navigated by using arrows at the bottom of each page. Each chapter has text, video and/or interactive content on a single page.

The tremendous growth of bioinformatics and computational biology in the late 20th and early 21st centuries has had an associated growth in software and algorithms for studying biological sequences. This book is designed to introduce students of the life sciences with little to no programming experience to the concepts and methodologies of bioinformatics, and contemporary software applications.

Applied ecology is a framework for the application of knowledge about ecosystems so that actions can be taken to create a better balance and harmony between people and nature in order to reduce human impact on other beings and their habitats.

About this book
Origin story
I (Erin) began this book project after participating in the Open Pedagogy Incubator hosted by the NC State University Libraries in 2020, with the goal of making my course materials – and information about Applied Ecology – more broadly accessible to students, educators, and the general public. Rather than impose my sole voice, perspective, and biases, I restructured my course assignments to enable student creation of the content you will encounter in this book. The assignments are open-ended and open-world, motivating students to collaborate with each other and to seek knowledge beyond the classroom, and thus embody core characteristics of the discipline of Applied Ecology as well as Open Education and Universal Design for Learning. I hope that by centering student voices and by highlighting diverse scientists, research systems and ecosystems, this work empowers the reader and highlights the relevance of Applied Ecology in our everyday lives.

Intended use
This book is formatted to provide information about key ecological principles, concepts, and processes, explored and applied across various contexts. The text can be used as a foundational or supplementary text for ecology courses, or as a standalone reference for students in formal academic settings or beyond.

The Vocabulary terms at the beginning of each chapter are listed in the order that students will encounter them while reading the blog-style summary for that chapter. The Glossary lists all terms in the entire book in alphabetical order, for quick reference as needed.

We have provided an appendix with skeletal outlines that students can use to guide their notetaking. I also intend to compile a companion volume for educators, containing templates for each assignment used to guide the student works presented here.

Accessibility
We use sans-serif fonts to facilitate readability in digital format and by readers who are neurodivergent. We also support screen readership through alt-text images.

The structure of the human body is usually considered in courses in gross anatomy. These courses typically consist of lectures by the faculty, readings in assigned textbooks and the study of photographs and illustrations in human anatomy atlases. However, as student’s progress through the curriculum and move into the more clinical or practice oriented phases, many discover that the anatomical knowledge they actually need is somewhat different from the kind they possess. What many encounter is difficulty in applying their knowledge to a clinical setting.

Applied Human Anatomy was created to better integrate material that is more often than not treated separately in contemporary health care curricula. It is hoped that through this integration students will develop a deeper and more lasting knowledge and understanding of human anatomy as they are likely to need it in the evaluation and management of patients.

A print version is available for purchase on Amazon.

This 155-page manual is comprised of two types of learning activities: 1) free response fill-in-the blank questions focused of the facts and principles of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology that underpin the neurologic examination and specifically developed exercises that demonstrate how the facts and principles are related to the particular tests and procedures that comprise the neurologic examination. Free response questions form the bulk of the Neuroscience Review section of each chapter and are intended as a review of information previously or concurrently being learned regarding the structure, function and organization of the nervous system. Some questions focus on anatomical or physiological facts and relationships that help explain why certain techniques are performed as they are, such as why non-nociceptive tactile stimuli are required in order to activate nerve impulse transmission in the lemniscal system. Other questions are intended to revisit facts and concepts that are needed to properly interpret the elicited findings. 2) The Application Exercises of each chapter are designed to demonstrate how neuroanatomical and neurophysiological information is used in the design of particular clinical tests of neurologic function. The application exercises are also intended to help users learn how to perform and become comfortable with the various clinical maneuvers and tests that comprise the routine neurologic examination. An important outcome of performing these exercises is that, as a member of a learning group, each individual has the opportunity to experience the neurologic examination from the point of view of the subject (patient)—an experience that arguably provides insight and understanding that can be gained in no other way.

Grade level: graduate students, advanced undergrads, persons with analyzed research results

Course length: 1 semester, 4-6 months

Objective: This course empowers scientists to engage with their own data, each other, and the public through art. Through collective brainstorming, prototyping, and feedback from professional artists, students will create a project that expresses their own research through any artistic medium of their choice. The course typically culminates in a public art exhibition where students interact with a general audience to discuss their research, art, and what it means to be a scientist.

OER | Biology Overview:

On this webpage you will find OER Biology textbooks along with supplemental materials and a few lecture videos.
The purpose of these discipline-specific webpages is to display content that might be of interest to faculty who are considering adopting open educational resources for use in their classes. This list of content is by no means exhaustive. The nature of open educational resources is very collaborative and it is in that spirit that we encourage any comments about the content featured on this page or recommendations of content that are not already listed here.

BI 101 is an introductory lab science course intended for majors in disciplines other than the biological sciences. This course is designed to help you discover the applications of science to your everyday life, as well as provide elements of critical thinking. This course has four Credit Units that emphasize a variety of topics including ecological principles, biodiversity, and impact of human activities on the environment.

Course Outcomes:
1. Discuss biological community interactions.
2. Explain how changes in human population and/or actions impact natural ecosystems.
3. Describe the movement of energy & nutrients through trophic levels.
4. Recognize the appropriate taxonomic level of an organism based on key characteristics or traits.

This is an introductory lab science course intended for majors in disciplines other than the biological sciences. The topics presented include biological molecules, cellular biology, genetics and inheritance, biotechnology, and evolutionary processes. Additionally, the course is designed to help you discover the applications of science in your everyday life, as well as provide elements of critical thinking.

Course Outcomes:
1. Explain how natural selection drives evolution.
2. Express how changes in the genome can affect the phenotype or traits within a population.
3. Be able to describe the patterns of inheritance.
4. Be able describe selected key cell processes.
5. Distinguish between the groups of biomolecules.

This course is designed to be taught using the textbook Cell Biology for Health Occupations, adapted from OpenStax.

(http://cnx.org/contents/Th3V8ojZ@3.1:zMTtFGyH@4/Introduction).

This course is designed for students who want to learn about and appreciate basic biological topics while studying the smallest units of biology: molecules and cells.

Sections cover: Chemistry of Life; The Cell; Tissues: each of the systems of the body; the special senses. Includes lab manual.