Basic Hand Tools
Overview
This is a part of the Self learning material developed for Skill course in the department of Physics for under graduate students of Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad,India
Basic Hand Tools
This is a part of the Self learning material developed for Skill course in the department of Physics for under graduate students of Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad,India
BASIC HAND TOOLS :
Any person who does the electrician job should always use proper and well maintained tools. By using improper and defective tools, the efficiency of the craftsman is greatly reduced. Use a proper tool for each and every job.
The main tools which we use generally are described below
1.Screw - Driver
It is used to tight or loose a wooden or machine Screw. It has four parts namely the blade, shank femule, pin and the handle. The size of a screw driver depends upon the length of its shank. see the below figure. In general any electrician use 10 cm to 30 cm size screw - drivers
The blade of the screw driver is well tempered so as to have a tough and proper shape. Connector screw driver are used for very small screws. The size of their shank is usually 5 to 8 centimeters.
Safety Measures while using Screw-Drivers:
- The blade of the screw driver should not be too sharp.
- Always use proper screw - driver as per the head size of the screw.
- Don’t use it like a hammer of a chisel.
- The handle of the screw - driver should not be in splitted condition.
2. Combination plier
The Combination piler is used for gripping, cutting, twisting and jointing the wires. Its head is plat and it is called a flat nose plier also its middle part is like a scissors which has cutters. The cutters are used for cutting the wires. Its tail side portion is called the handle which is covered with insulation see fig. The size of a combination plier varies from 15 to 30 centimetres.
| Safety Measures |
- Don’t cut steel wires with it.
- Don’t use it like a hammer.
- Check its insulation before using it on alive line.
- Don’t use it for holding hot things.
3. Side Cutting Plier
Side Cutting Piler is used for cutting the wires and for nipping their insulation. Its one end is flat which is used for cutting. The size of a side cutting plier is usually 15 cm. You can see the figure below.
Safety Measures:
- Don’t cut steel wires with it.
- Don’t cut iron sheets with it.
4. Long Nose Plier
It is used for gripping and twisting thin wires and for loosing and tightening small not - bolts. Its head is long and round from outside while flat from in side. A plier with a flat nose is called a flat long nose plier with round nose is called a round long nose plier. Its handle is generally insulated. Its size varies from 10 to 15 centimetress. You can find the figure below
Safety Measyres:
- Don’t use for tightening and loosening big size not bolts.
- Don’t apply an exra ordinary force on it.
5. Pocker or Brodawal
Pocker is used for making pilot holes in the wood plank and thus it is very useful in the fitting of switch socket etc,on wood boards with wooden screws. Its handle is made of wood with a round top. Its shank has a pointed tip with flat side and the rest of the shank is cylindrical like a screw - driver .See in the figure.
6. Hacksaw
It is used for cutting metallic pipes, flats, sheets etc. It has an adjustable type or a fixed typed frame. The frame has a variable screw, gliding screw and a wing nut to hold the blade. The variable screw is fitted to a handle. The adjustable frame can accommodate the blades of different lengths varying from 15 to 30 centimetres. The frame is made of mild stell and the blade of high carbon steel. The constructional features of a hack saw are shown in fig below. The width the blade is usually 12 mm and the thickness is 0.6 mm. The blade is kept straight while sawing otherwise it will break.
Safety Measures:
- Keep the blade stretched in the frame.
- Drive the blade in a straight direction on the job.
- Carry on dropping the whether on the job while sawing.
- Protect the frame and the blade against rust.
7. Hammer
The Hammer is used in riveting, chipping etc. The various types of hammers are follows.
- Ball pane hammer
- Cross pane hammer
- Riveters hammer
- Straight pane hammer
- Carpenter’s claw hammer
8. Extra type hammer
We learned there are various types of hammers . Out of the above six types of hammers, only ball pane hammer is mostly used for electrical jobs. It is made of cast steel. It has face, post handle, pane, eye hole. Out of these parts,the face and the pane are tempered bat post part is kept soft. The size of a hammer varies accompany to its weight ranging from 100 grams to 1 kilogram. Below you find three different types of hammers.
The eye holes of the hammer is made in egg shape so that its handle may not slip further, the forehead of the handle is splitted into two parts and a wedge is fitted in the slot. In this way the hammer holds the handle firmly.
Safety Measures:
- The handle should be tough and well fitted.
- No part of the hammer should be greases.
- Drive the hammer by holding it all its end.
- Don’t work with lose handle hammer.
9. Hand Drilling Machine
Hand Driller is used for making holes in the wooden and mild steel jobs. It has a geared wheel handle machine, handle and a drilt chuck a twist drill bit vary. From 1 mm to 12 mm figure shows a hand drill machine.
Hand drill machine
Safety Measures:
- Keep it straight while drilling.
- Lubricate its gears from time to time with grease.
- The drill bit should be firmly held by the jaws of the drill chuck.
Hellow students, these are some of the various hand tools which we use generally in our daily life. Hope you understand and enjoy this lesson.=