Worksheet 1
Worksheet 1 MEMO
Worksheet 2
Worksheet 2 MEMO
NATURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY GRADE 5
Overview
This resource shares information about some Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5, term 1 topics.
INTRODUCTION TO NATURAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY
Science is a systematic way of looking for explanations and connecting the ideas we have. In Science certain methods of inquiry and investigation are generally used. These methods lend themselves to replication and a systematic approach to scientific inquiry that attempts at objectivity. The methods include formulating hypotheses, designing and carrying out experiments to test the hypotheses. Repeated investigations are undertaken, and the resulting methods and results are carefully examined and debated before they are accepted as valid.
Technology has also existed throughout history. People use the combination of knowledge, skills and available
resources to develop solutions that meet their daily needs and wants. Economic and environmental factors and a wide range of attitudes and values need to be taken into account when developing technological solutions. Technology also advances as our knowledge and needs expand.
Science and Technology have made a major impact, both positive and negative, on our world. Knowledge grows out
of a view of how the world works. Watch the first two minutes of this video to give you an idea of how Science and Technology are related: https://study.com/academy/lesson/how-science-technology-are-related.html
Some of the term 1 topics that we will cover include:
- Animal skeletons (Section 2) - Skeletons of vertebrates, functions of the skeleton, and joints in the human body https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=2
- Skeletons as structures (Section 3) - Frame and shell structures https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=3
- Food chains (Section 4) - https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=4
In section 5 you will find all the answers to the activities from the previous sections. https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=5
TOPIC 2 - ANIMAL SKELETONS
In this topic we will look at the skeletons of vertebrates.
A skeleton is a hard framework inside or outside an animal's body. A vertebrate skeleton consists of bones and joints, and is inside the body.
Biologists divide all the animals in the world into two main groups according to the type of skeleton that they have.
- Animals with ENDOSKELETONS: Some animals have a skeleton inside their bodies, which is called an endoskeleton.
- Animals with EXOSKELETONS: Some animals have a skeleton on the outside of their bodies, which is called an exoskeleton.
Now that you have knowledge about endoskeletons and exoskeletons, complete "Worksheet 1" which can be found under the attachments. The memo to the worksheet can be found under section 5 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=5
FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETON
The skeleton is made up of many different bones. Each bone supports the animal's body and protects its organs.
Click on the link below to watch a fun video about the skeletal system and while you watch the video think about the function of the skull, rib cage and backbone.
The skull protects the brain.
The backbone protects the spinal cord.
The rib cage protects internal organs like the heart and the lungs.
Shoulder blades, arms, legs and hip bones are for movement.
A skeleton also gives an animal shape and support.
Now complete "Worksheet 2" under attachments. The memo to the worksheet can be found under section 5 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=5
JOINTS IN THE HUMAN BODY
Your bones can move because they are connected by joints. A joint is the place where two or more bones are attached to each other.
Examples of hinge joints: elbow and knee joint.
Examples of ball and socket joints: hip and shoulder joint.
Example of a chain joint: backbone.
TOPIC 3 - SKELETONS AS STRUCTURES
In this section we will look at frame and shell structures.
Before we look at frame and shell structures, let's watch a video to remind us about the function of structures, natural structures, and man-made structures.
FRAME STRUCTURES
Frame structures are structures that are made up of different parts. These parts are put together to form a frame.
Look at some examples of frame structures and answer Activity 1.
Activity 1
1. Why do we classify these structures under frame structures?
2. Which of these structures are made by humans and which of these are natural?
SHELL STRUCTURES
Shell structures are made from one solid part.
Look at some examples of shell structures and answer Activity 2.
Activity 2
1. Why do we classify these structures under shell structures?
2. Which of these structures are made by humans and which of these are natural?
(ANSWERS TO ACTIVITY 1 AND 2 CAN BE FOUND UNDER SECTION 5 -https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=5 )
TOPIC 4 - FOOD CHAINS
In this section we will look at food chains.
All food chains in nature start with green plants . Green plants use the energy from the sun to make their own food. This process is called photosynthesis. Plants are therefore called PRODUCERS. Watch the video below which explains more about photosynthesis.
Living things that get energy by eating either a plant or animals are called CONSUMERS.
Many animals eat plants to get energy. We call these animals herbivores. Examples: Giraffe, sheep, cow, springbuck.
Some animals eat other animals to get energy. We call these animals carnivores. Examples: Lion, frog, snake, vulture.
Other animals can eat plants and animals. We call these animals omnivores. Examples: pig, baboon, chicken.
We get special animals called scavengers (hyenas, vultures) and decomposers (fungi, bacteria). They eat dead animals and break their bodies into tiny pieces that can go into the soil as compost.
Listen to the narrated PowerPoint on FOOD CHAINS attached below and try to answer the activity on slide 3 (Answers to the activity can be found under section 5 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=5 ).
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
In this section you will find all the answers to the activities from the previous sections.
SECTION 2 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=2
Worksheet memo 1 - find attachment below
Worksheet memo 2 - find attachment below
SECTION 3 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=3
Activity 1
1. Why do we classify these structures under frame structures?
Because they are made from different parts that are put together to form a frame.
2. Which of these structures are made by humans and which of these are natural?
Made by humans: bird cage and ladder
Natural: human skeleton and spider's web
Activity 2
1. Why do we classify these structures under shell structures?
Because they are made from one solid part.
2. Which of these structures are made by humans and which of these are natural?
Made by humans: bird bath
Natural: crab shell and snail shell
SECTION 4 https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/lesson/80441/student/315299?task=4
PowerPoint slide 3 activity
GRASS -----------> MOUSE ------------> SNAKE ----------> EAGLE