This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"A new preclinical animal model study has identified biomarker panels that might be useful predictors and indicators of outcomes after meniscus allograft transplantation, or MAT. These biomarkers may enable real-time assessment of graft survival after surgery. The findings are published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine. Meniscal tears and degeneration—or partial meniscectomy surgeries intended to alleviate these issues—can cause meniscal deficiency. In meniscal deficiency, lack of a complete meniscus increases stress to the knee joint, contributing to pain, dysfunction, and osteoarthritis. Restoring the meniscus through strategies like MAT can prevent these issues. However, there are currently no methods for predicting and evaluating MAT graft success or failure in real time. To help develop such a method, researchers searched for biomarkers of MAT outcomes in a dog model. First, they induced meniscal deficiency in dogs through arthroscopic medial meniscal release surgery..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Knee problems such as instability of the kneecap and arthritis can be telltale signs that it’s time for surgery. But they’re not the only ones. A new study suggests that focal lesions of the cartilage that cushions the kneecap, or patella, and of the trochlea, the groove where the patella rests, are just as important and can have similar causes. Understanding how these lesions are related to knee alignment and morphology could help clinicians develop more tailored and durable treatments. Researchers reached that conclusion after comparing the knee anatomy of 135 patients with focal patellofemoral cartilage lesions, but no arthritis, to that of 100 patients with normal cartilage. Using M-R-I, they assessed features including patellar morphology, trochlear morphology, patellar malalignment, and the quadriceps vector. Patients with patellofemoral lesions showed greater trochlear dysplasia and patellar malalignment than those in the control group..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

As taught Semesters 1 and 2, 2011

This learning object describes the cells involved in the production & maintenance of bone, the nature of the extracellular matrix, and compares the structural and functional differences between cartilage and bone. This learning object is used as part of the level 1 Biological Sciences module delivered by the School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy.

Dr Andy Meal, Lecturer in Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy.

This learning object describes the cells involved in the production & maintenance of cartilage, the nature of the extracellular matrix, and the different types of cartilage.

The learning object is used as part of the level 1 Biological Sciences module delivered by the School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy.

Dr Andy Meal, Lecturer in Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the growth of bone where it doesn’t belong, such as in muscle tissue HO is most often observed after joint surgery in patients with severe trauma and can cause swelling, pain, nerve compression, and other complications While effective treatment and prevention strategies are currently lacking researchers are beginning to zero in on the molecular pathways that trigger HO It all starts with hypoxia, a state of oxygen deprivation that accompanies tissue damage Hypoxia activates the protein HIF-1α In certain patients, HIF-1α acts as a gateway to HO in at least three ways By stimulating proteins that lay the groundwork for new bone and cartilage By promoting blood vessel formation And by suppressing a protein that normally limits bone growth Drugs that reduce hypoxia or block HIF-1α could therefore prove powerful helping to stop HO early in its development.."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Articular cartilage lesions of the knee joint are a common finding during knee arthroscopy. However, the best way to manage these lesions remains unclear – especially when it comes to young, physically active patients. Now, researchers from Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush University Medical Center have compared patient outcomes following two different allograft procedures to shed light on the clinical outcomes that can be expected for each method. Their results could help orthopedic surgeons optimize how they treat this select patient group. The first method utilized adjacent-plug osteochondral allograft transplantation -- also known as the “snowman technique”, or snowman OCA. This approach involves placement of adjacent overlapping allografts to treat irregular or ovoid lesions. All patients undergoing this procedure were being treated for a single osteochondral lesion of the femoral condyle. The second method involved multi-compartmental OCA..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.