Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Describe endocytosis, including phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosisUnderstand the process of exocytosis

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Once considered little more than “cell dust”, exosomes are receiving much deserved attention from the research community. Exosomes are tiny sacs whose job includes clearing the cell of certain lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. But researchers are learning that exosomes are also crucial to signaling and communication between cells. A new review explores various ways exosomes help coordinate the metabolism of lipids in the body. Some of the most promising research describes what happens when exosomes’ ability to synthesize, transport, and degrade lipids is compromised. In some cases, that can lead to disorders such as atherosclerosis, cancer, obesity, and Alzheimer’s disease. Understanding how exosomes orchestrate metabolic activities could clue researchers in on new ways to diagnose and treat related diseases..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) is a key regulator of the immune response. Its signaling cascades control the development and maintenance of secondary lymphoid organs and immune cell development. Although many aspects of its signaling have been characterized, one important aspect remains unclear. After ligand binding, LTβR is internalized via endocytosis – but the precise mechanisms involved have not yet been characterized. A recent study investigated the contribution of LTβR internalization to its signaling potential. Researchers found LTβR localized to endocytic vesicles and the Golgi apparatus. After ligand binding, LTβR was trafficked via endosomes to lysosomes for degradation, downregulating signaling. Multiple entry pathways – clathrin-mediated, dynamin-dependent, and clathrin-independent – were used for receptor internalization, and without clathrin and dynamin, cells had elevated signaling through the NF-κB pathway..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.