Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain how the kidneys serve as the main osmoregulatory organs in mammalian systemsDescribe the structure of the kidneys and the functions of the parts of the kidneyDescribe how the nephron is the functional unit of the kidney and explain how it actively filters blood and generates urineDetail the three steps in the formation of urine: glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion

The M2 Renal Sequence provides an overview of diseases of the kidney and urinary tract in a clinical setting and provides an introduction to the basic concepts about the area and tools you will need to continue learning about them in future years. The sequence consists of lectures, small group seminars, Clinicopathological Correlation Laboratories, and multidisciplinary conferences on end stage renal disease and organ procurement. Over twenty faculty members from Nephrology, Pathology, Urology, and Pharmacology will participate in the lectures, seminars, and Clinicopathological Correlation Laboratory sessions.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Kidney transplant patients currently require life-long treatment with immunosuppressive drugs to prevent their body from rejecting the transplanted organ. Immunosuppression can have side effects such as an increased risk of infections or developing comorbidities such as new onset diabetes or certain malignancies. Other side effects are related to the drugs’ toxicity, such as kidney damage, ultimately leading to a return to dialysis or need for re-transplant. A clinical trial, TRANSFORM, was carried out to test a new immunosuppressive regimen consisting of everolimus plus low-dose CNI, versus the current standard-of-care regimen: mycophenolic acid plus the standard, higher dose of CNI. The two-year results of this trial showed that the combination of everolimus plus low CNI had a similar ability to prevent kidney rejection or severe kidney impairment as the current standard-of-care regimen..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.