By the end of this section, you will be able to:Understand how the cell cycle is controlled by mechanisms both internal and external to the cellExplain how the three internal control checkpoints occur at the end of G1, at the G2/M transition, and during metaphaseDescribe the molecules that control the cell cycle through positive and negative regulation

Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Understand how the cell cycle is controlled by mechanisms both internal and external to the cellExplain how the three internal control checkpoints occur at the end of G1, at the G2/M transition, and during metaphaseDescribe the molecules that control the cell cycle through positive and negative regulation

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Cancer-associated fibroblasts, or CAFs, make up 50 to 90% of a solid tumor’s volume. Embedded between a tumor’s core and healthy tissue, CAFs contribute to tumor initiation, progression, and invasion, and according to a new study, CAFs might also contribute to tumors’ ability to resist radiation therapy. Researchers coaxed CAFs to form by culturing normal fibroblasts with cancer cells from different tissues, including the breast, brain, lung, and prostate. Compared to normal fibroblasts, these CAFs showed less DNA damage from gamma ray radiation. This “radioresistance” was linked to DNA repair machinery deployed by CAFs. Treating CAFs with molecules inhibiting the repair of single- and double-stranded DNA reduced their defenses against radiation. Further insight into how CAFs communicate with surrounding cancer cells and healthy tissue could prove vital, as it could help researchers and clinicians find ways to topple tumors’ defenses against anticancer therapies..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.