Education Standards
Deaf Pathways (pdf)
Deaf Pathways: Guiding Questions and Resources
Overview
This resource from the Washington Center for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Youth provides guiding questions and resources to help student reach their full potential as they work towards their post high school and transition goals.
Introduction
The Washington Center for Deaf & Hard of Hearing Youth (CDHY), formerly the Center for Childhood Deafness and Hearing Loss (CDHL), is a statewide resource committed to ensuring all deaf and hard of hearing students in Washington reach their full potential regardless of where they live or attend school. This resource aligns with mandate #2 - To provide outreach services for deaf and hard of hearing children throughout the state of Washington regardless of location. While this is not a comprehensive curriculum, it is a resource that can be implemented to guide students to reach their full potential as they work towards their post high school and transition goals.
Resources and References:
National Alliance for Secondary Education and Transition (NASET)
- National Standards & Quality Indicators for secondary education and transition
- National Alliance for Secondary Education and Transition website
- Introduction to the National Standards & Quality Indicators
References
Sadler, C., et al (2010). National Standards & Quality Indicators for Secondary Education and Transition | National Alliance for Secondary Education and Transition
Common Core State Standards English Language Arts | National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers
A Transition Guide to Postsecondary Education and Employment for Students and Youth with Disabilities (2020) | United States Department of Education Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services
Photo copyright National Alliance for Secondary Education and Transition. Used pursuant to fair use.
Who Am I?
Guiding Questions | Expanded Explanation and Prompting Questions | Student Activity | Standards | Resources |
What is the difference between a person who is “deaf,” “Deaf,” or “hard of hearing”? | Explain the cultural and medical differences between "Deaf," "deaf," "Hard of Hearing," "Hearing Impaired," and more | Complete a Compare and Contrast Graphic Organizer | NASET 3.1: Youth acquire the skills, behaviors, and attitudes that enable them to learn and grow in self-knowledge, social interaction, and physical and emotional health. NASET 3.3.2: Youth learn the history, values, and beliefs of their communities. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.1 | National Association of the Deaf (NAD) Definition of DEAF
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What are your communication needs? | Writing, CART, Sign Language interpreter, Apps, Spoken language, other? | NASET 1.1.6: Youth are aware of and have access to technology resources that enhance learning. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.L.11-12.1 | Deaf Community Introduction (NDC), Communication Considerations | Hands and Voices | |
Who is your community? Any Deaf/deaf/HH role models? | Who do you socialize with? | Provide a list of local activities are happening in your area. | NASET 1.1: State Education Agencies (SEAs)/Local Education Agencies (LEAs) provide youth with equitable access to a full range of academic and non-academic courses and programs of study. NASET 3.1.4: Youth develop interpersonal skills, including communication, decision- making, assertiveness, and peer refusal skills, and have the ability to create healthy relationships. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.1 | Who is in my circle? Worksheet (attached) |
What are your strengths? | What are you good and or what are your skills? | NASET 3.2: Youth understand the relationship between their individual strengths and desires and their future goals and have the skills to act on that understanding. NASET 3.2.2 Youth develop individual strengths. Common Core State Standards | One Pager | I'm Determined
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What tools do you use to overcome your challenges? | In a situation, how do you get something fixed, order food, get your needs met? | Bring example of how you make an appointment with the dentist, getting the car fix, getting your driver’s license. Ordering something at the restaurant. | NASET 3.2.1: Youth develop ethical values and reasoning skills. NASET 3.3.6: Youth identify and use resources in their community. NASET 3.4: Youth demonstrate the ability to make informed decisions for themselves. | Self-Advocacy Quiz Hard-of-Hearing Videos in ASL |
What is the purpose of your IEP? | Individualized Education Plan | Review the IEP plans | NASET 2.1: Youth participate in career awareness, exploration, and preparatory activities in school- and community-based settings. NASET 3.2.3: Youth demonstrate the ability to set goals and develop a plan. NASET 5.1: Organizations coordinating services and supports align their missions, policies, procedures, data, and resources to equitably serve all youth and ensure the provision of a unified flexible array of programs, services, accommodations, and supports. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.1 | |
Identify the transition needs and goals on your IEP? | Does the student know what the written plans in the IEP goals are? | Find a copy of your current IEP plan. | NASET 3.2.3 Youth demonstrate the ability to set goals and develop a plan. NASET 3.2.4Youth participate in varied activities that encourage the development of self- determination and self-advocacy skills. NASET 3.4.2 Youth demonstrate independent living skills. | Student Self-Assessment Surveys: |
What Do I Want?
Guiding Questions | Expanded Explanation and Prompting Questions | Student Activity | Standards | Resources |
What are my preferences at a workplace?
| Do you like working:
Do you want to help people? Do you want to use technology? | Interest inventory assessment | NASET 1.1.4: Each youth develops and begins to implement an individual life plan based on their interests, abilities, and goals. NASET 2.4: Schools and community partners provide career preparatory activities that lead to youths’ acquisition of employability and technical skills, knowledge, and behaviors. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.11-12.4 | Interest survey - minimal language | Minnesota State Colleges and Universities Videos in ASL: |
What are my needs at a workplace? | Do you need wheelchair accessibility, interpreters, different seating? | Review student IEP and Accommodations | NASET 2.2.1: Youth participate in career awareness, exploration, and preparatory activities in school- and community-based settings. NASET 2.4.4: Youth demonstrate that they understand how personal skills and characteristics (e.g., positive attitude, self-discipline, honesty, time management, etc.) affect their employability. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.11-12.2 | One Pager | I'm Determined
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What are your career interests? | Math, Science, History, Engineering, Art, Teacher, Construction, Welding, Landscaping, Business | Career Interest assessments | NASET 2.1: Youth participate in career awareness, exploration, and preparatory activities in school- and community-based settings. NASET 2.2.2: With the guidance of school and/or community professionals, youth use a career planning process (e.g., assessments, career portfolio, etc.) incorporating their career goals, interests, and abilities. NASET 2.4.5: Youth demonstrate appropriate job-seeking behaviors. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.1 | Seek the World & D-Pan.TV have many videos of Deaf people doing a variety of jobs. Videos in ASL |
What are your post-secondary goals? | Are you interested in college, vocational training school, or work? | Create a PowerPoint, write an essay, explain to your teacher what you plan to do after graduation. Sample template Google Doc Template Person Centered-Plan | NASET 2.1.1: Schools and community partners offer courses, programs, and activities that broaden and deepen youths’ knowledge of careers and allow for more informed postsecondary education and career choices. Common Core State Standard CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.11-12.3 | Discuss with students what kind of volunteering opportunities would benefit them and their future goals? |
Do you have a financial plan to pursue a post-secondary education? (FAFSA, DVR scholarships, budget, etc.) | How will you pay for your wants and needs? Do you have a way to earn money? Do you have a budget? If you want to go to school, how do plan to pay for it? |
| NASET 3.4: Youth demonstrate the ability to make informed decisions for themselves. NASET 3.3.6: Youth identify and use resources in their community. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.7 | Ask DVR to come present to the class about DVR Videos in ASL: Hand in Hand – Banking and Money | CDHY CashOnHand – Summary | CDHY CashOnHand – Budget | CDHY |
How Do I Get There?
Guiding Questions | Expanded Explanation and Prompting Questions | Student Activity | Standards | Resources |
What are my preferences at a workplace?
| Do you like working:
Do you want to help people? Do you want to use technology? | Interest inventory assessment | NASET 1.1.4: Each youth develops and begins to implement an individual life plan based on their interests, abilities, and goals. NASET 2.4: Schools and community partners provide career preparatory activities that lead to youths’ acquisition of employability and technical skills, knowledge, and behaviors. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.11-12.4 | Interest survey - minimal language | Minnesota State Colleges and Universities Videos in ASL: |
What are my needs at a workplace? | Do you need wheelchair accessibility, interpreters, different seating? | Review student IEP and Accommodations | NASET 2.2.1: Youth participate in career awareness, exploration, and preparatory activities in school- and community-based settings. NASET 2.4.4: Youth demonstrate that they understand how personal skills and characteristics (e.g., positive attitude, self-discipline, honesty, time management, etc.) affect their employability. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.11-12.2 | One Pager | I'm Determined
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What are your career interests? | Math, Science, History, Engineering, Art, Teacher, Construction, Welding, Landscaping, Business | Career Interest assessments | NASET 2.1: Youth participate in career awareness, exploration, and preparatory activities in school- and community-based settings. NASET 2.2.2: With the guidance of school and/or community professionals, youth use a career planning process (e.g., assessments, career portfolio, etc.) incorporating their career goals, interests, and abilities. NASET 2.4.5: Youth demonstrate appropriate job-seeking behaviors. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.1 | Seek the World & D-Pan.TV have many videos of Deaf people doing a variety of jobs. Videos in ASL |
What are your post-secondary goals? | Are you interested in college, vocational training school, or work? | Create a PowerPoint, write an essay, explain to your teacher what you plan to do after graduation. Sample template Google Doc Template Person Centered-Plan | NASET 2.1.1: Schools and community partners offer courses, programs, and activities that broaden and deepen youths’ knowledge of careers and allow for more informed postsecondary education and career choices. Common Core State Standard CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.W.11-12.3 | Discuss with students what kind of volunteering opportunities would benefit them and their future goals? |
Do you have a financial plan to pursue a post-secondary education? (FAFSA, DVR scholarships, budget, etc.) | How will you pay for your wants and needs? Do you have a way to earn money? Do you have a budget? If you want to go to school, how do plan to pay for it? |
| NASET 3.4: Youth demonstrate the ability to make informed decisions for themselves. NASET 3.3.6: Youth identify and use resources in their community. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.7 | Ask DVR to come present to the class about DVR Videos in ASL: Hand in Hand – Banking and Money | CDHY CashOnHand – Summary | CDHY CashOnHand – Budget | CDHY |
How Do I Stay There?
Guiding Questions | Expanded Explanation and Prompting Questions | Student Activity | Standards | Resources |
What are work ethics? | Appearance: Displays proper dress, grooming, hygiene, and manners. Attendance: Attends class/work, arrives and leaves on time, tells instructor/employer in advance of planned absences. Attitude: Shows a positive attitude, appears confident and optimistic. Character: Displays loyalty, honesty, dependability, reliability, initiative, and self-control. Communication: Displays proper verbal and non- verbal skills and listens. Cooperation: Displays leadership skills; properly handles criticism, conflicts, and stress; maintains good relationships with peers and follows a chain of command. Organizational Skill: Shows skills in management, prioritizing, and dealing with change. Productivity: Follows safety practices, conserves resources, and follows instructions. Respect: Deals properly with diversity, shows understanding and tolerance. Teamwork: Respects rights of others, is a team worker, is helpful, is confident, displays a customer service attitude, and seeks continuous learning. | Establish an interactive notebook (hand written or digital) for keep vocabulary | NASET 2.4.3 Youth exhibit understanding of career expectations, workplace culture, and the changing nature of work and educational requirements. NASET 2.4.4 Youth demonstrate that they understand how personal skills and characteristics (e.g., positive attitude, self-discipline, honesty, time management, etc.) affect their employability. NASET 2.4.5 Youth demonstrate appropriate job seeking behaviors. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.4 |
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What soft skills do you have? | Teach and Discuss
| Continue interactive notebook. Add to/ Modify I'm Determined One Pager | NASET 2.4.3 Youth exhibit understanding of career expectations, workplace culture, and the changing nature of work and educational requirements. NASET 2.4.4 Youth demonstrate that they understand how personal skills and characteristics (e.g., positive attitude, self-discipline, honesty, time management, etc.) affect their employability. NASET 2.4.5 Youth demonstrate appropriate job seeking behaviors. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.4 | Soft Skills Lessons/ Activities | Unify High School List of Soft Skills | The Balance Careers |
What are your communication preferences at a workplace? (How to educate others about your needs, advocate for your needs, and/or disclose your disability?) | Explain the difference between communication preferences at home or with friends may be different at work. Ask their communication preferences for different workplace settings. Explain what the disclosure means is and how and when to disclose it. Explain how to ask for accommodation in the workplace. | Add to/ Modify I'm Determined One Pager | NASET 2.3.4 Youth are able to access, accept, and use individually needed supports and accommodations for work experiences. NASET 3.1.4 Youth develop interpersonal skills, including communication, decision making, assertiveness, and peer refusal skills, and have the ability to create healthy relationships. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.1 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.4 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.11-12.6 | Self-Advocacy NDC |
Do you know how to work with SSI/SSDI benefits? (Supplemental Security Income & Social Security Disability Income) | Do you know what SSI/ SSDI is? Do you know if you are receiving benefits? Is a family member receiving it on your behalf? If not, do you know how to apply if needed? | Student to conduct interview with caregivers on the topic. | NASET 3.1 Youth acquire the skills, behaviors, and attitudes that enable them to learn and grow in self-knowledge, social interaction, and physical and emotional health. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.1 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.3 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.4 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.5 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.6 | |
Do you know how to file for discrimination (EEOC) when needed? | What is discrimination? Have you ever experienced or witnessed discrimination? | Research ADA. Complete a graphic oragnizer defining discrimination and what ADA says about deaf/Deaf/HH laws | NASET 3.1.4 Youth develop interpersonal skills, including communication, decision making, assertiveness, and peer refusal skills, and have the ability to create healthy relationships. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.1.A CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.8 | Deafness and Employment Discrimination | VeryWell Health |
How do you do self care? | What does selfcare mean to you? What does it include? Give some examples how you do self-care? | Self-Care Surveys Complete My Good Day Plan from I'm Determined | NASET 3.1 Youth acquire the skills, behaviors, and attitudes that enable them to learn and grow in self-knowledge, social interaction, and physical and emotional health. NASET 3.4 Youth demonstrate the ability to make informed decisions for themselves. NASET 3.4.1 Youth practice self-management and responsible decision-making that reflects healthy choices. NASET 3.4.2 Youth demonstrate independent living skills. | Deaf Counseling Good Day Plan | I’m Determined |
What are your local support services available to you? (i.e. Deaf center, Deaf athletic clubs, Deaf church, etc) | Ask and research services that will benefit them in their hometown. | Add the list of resources to their interactive notebook or binder. | NASET 4.1 School staff members demonstrate a strong commitment to family involvement and understand its critical role in supporting high achievement, access to postsecondary education, employment, and other successful adult outcomes. NASET 4.1.1 School programs and activities provide a range of opportunities for family involvement and actively engage families and youth in the home, classroom, school, and community. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.1 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.2 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.3 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.4 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.5 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.6 |
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What is the code of professional conduct with interpreters or support services?
| Explain the meaning of the “code of professional conduct.” | Continue interactive notebook. | NASET 2.4.3 Youth exhibit understanding of career expectations, workplace culture, and the changing nature of work and educational requirements. NASET 2.4.4 Youth demonstrate that they understand how personal skills and characteristics (e.g., positive attitude, self-discipline, honesty, time management, etc.) affect their employability. NASET2.4.5 Youth demonstrate appropriate job seeking behaviors. Common Core State Standards CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.4 |
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Attribution and License
Attribution
National Standards & Quality Indicators for secondary education and transition copyright the National Alliance for Secondary Education and Transition. All rights reserved. | Permission granted to duplicate publication.
License
Except where otherwise noted, this work by the Washington Center for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Youth is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. All logos and trademarks are property of their respective owners. Sections used under fair use doctrine (17 U.S.C. § 107) are marked
This resource contains links to websites operated by third parties. These links are provided for your convenience only and do not constitute or imply any endorsement or monitoring by CDHY. Please confirm the license status of any third-party resources and understand their terms of use before reusing them.