In our final episode of Crash Course Psychology, Hank discusses the ideas of Aggression and Altruism. These two things are difficult to understand and explain so sit tight and get ready to run the gauntlet of human emotions.

Chapters:
Introduction: Robber's Cave Experiment
Conflict vs. Cooperation
Aggression
Genetic, Neurological, & Biochemical Reasons for Aggression
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
Altruism
Bystander Effect
Why do we help others?
Social Exchange Theory & the Norm of Reciprocity
Social Responsibility Norm
Conflict & Self-Interest
Review & Credits
Credits

These images from the Smithsonian Institution depict Nancy Knowlton's work with snapping shrimp in Panama. Knowlton found that the closing of the isthmus -- dividing the Pacific Ocean from the Caribbean -- resulted in new species of shrimp.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"It’s a feared moment for every scientist: the discovery that years of painstaking research has led to results that can't be repeated. Many think that poorly characterized antibodies have contributed to this reproducibility crisis more than any other laboratory tool. A new study published in Molecular Cell supports this hypothesis, at least in the context of chromatin immunoprecipitation. Although accurate ChIP interpretation depends on near-perfect antibody specificity, the report shows that many of these reagents are far less capable than their advertising suggests, which calls into question several widely accepted paradigms on genomic regulation. The study focused on histone post-translational modifications; specifically all three methylation states of lysine 4 on histone H3. Through ChIP experiments, H3K4 methylation has been strongly linked to transcriptional control..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This series of instructional videos was created by Camosun College for a Canadian edition of the OpenStax "Concepts of Biology" open textbook as part of the BC Open Textbook Project. The lectures are taught by Charles Molnar, a Biology instructor at Camosun College. The videos are accompanied by transcripts.

Students learn about biomedical engineering while designing, building and testing prototype surgical tools to treat cancer. Students also learn that if cancer cells are not removed quickly enough during testing, a cancerous tumor may grow exponentially and become more challenging to eliminate. Students practice iterative design as they improve their surgical tools during the activity.

The aim of this presentation is to address different hot topics in our current understanding of aetiology as well as of the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes. We’ll address how genetic as well as epi-genetic and non-genetic mechanisms may be involved in the complex mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. We’ll also introduce recent data suggesting that immature stem-cell functions are likely to play an important role for development of type 2 diabetes and its associated cardiometabolic disturbances. Finally we’ll address the current treatment options of disease with respect of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This presentation provides an introduction to the genetics behind the common forms of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore we’ll provide an introduction to the Genome-Wide Association Study, this study is a hypothesis generating method that contains a discovery and a replication sample.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

In this presentation we’ll translate our knowledge from genetics into clinically relevant patient stories. We’ll present case stories of translational metabolism, which means that we go from genotype to phenotype. Translational science is a multidisciplinary form of science that bridges the gap between basic science and applied science.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

In this episode of Crash Course Psychology, Hank walks us through the troubling world of Eating and Body Dysmorphic disorders. There's a lot going on here and, even though we still have a lot of dots to connect, a lot we can learn to help ourselves and each other.

Chapters:
Introduction: Eating Disorders
Eating Disorder Statistics
Anorexia Nervosa
Bulimia Nervosa
Binge-Eating Disorder
Causes of Eating Disorders
Social & Cultural Components of Eating Disorders
Body Dysmorphic Disorders
Eating Disorders & the Brain
Genetic, Familial, & Environmental Factors
Review & Credits
Credits

Gene mutations occur naturally through the DNA replication process with some results being fatal and others being helpful.  This lesson will explore the types of mutations that occur, the effect they have on DNA, and examples of diseases or conditions caused by the specific type of mutation.  Students will participate in a gallery walk to learn more about the types of mutations. 

Many times, gene mutations lead to some sort of genetic disease or disorder.  Through this lesson, students will explore a genetic disease, caused by a specific type of gene mutation (previously learned about) and present their findings to the class.   

This video segment from the Secret of Life School Video: "On the Brink: Portraits of Modern Science" explores the genetics of breast cancer.

The shared set of genes for body segments, possessed by all animals, are discussed in this video segment from Evolution: "Great Transformations."

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Going in for surgery? It’s possible the level of pain you’ll experience during recovery is encoded in your DNA. This conclusion draws from the work of an international collaboration of researchers. By looking at the outcomes of over 1000 patients, they pinpointed factors linked to ongoing postsurgical pain. They found that one important determinant is the code of a single gene – the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, or BDNF, gene – opening new avenues for how we understand, and treat, chronic pain. Nearly all surgical patients experience some degree of postoperative pain, but it’s usually resolved as they heal. For many, however, it can last for months or even years – a condition referred to as chronic postsurgical pain. Although some elements that lead to this condition are known – nerve injury during surgery, for example, is one common cause – there’s often no easily identifiable culprit. Enter genetics..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This activity is an introduction to meiosis which allows students to understand the basics of meiosis before being given a formal lesson.

Roles of neural plasticity in learning and memory and in development of invertebrates and mammals. An in-depth critical analysis of current literature of molecular, cellular, genetic, electrophysiological, and behavioral studies. Discussion of original papers supplemented by introductory lectures.