This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium infect millions of people around the globe. These two diseases have broad overlap in their endemic regions, and in some areas over a quarter of HIV patients also have malaria. But despite how common coinfection is, researchers know little about how coinfection and order of infection impact patients. So, a team of scientists turned to a Chinese rhesus macaque research model. In this model, instead of HIV, the macaques had the related virus simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The scientists found that animals infected with the malaria parasite before SIV produced more of the immune cells that SIV uses to replicate, increasing the viral load and accelerating disease progression. But when the infection order was reversed, a subsequent malaria infection activated virus-specific T cells against SIV. ultimately improving survival in those animals..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Even though Europe is far from malarial hot spots, doctors there still have to treat travelers who contract the disease while on holiday or business trips. And because Europeans aren’t exposed to malaria on a regular basis, if they do become infected with the parasites, they’re more likely to develop a severe case. To keep tabs on how malaria is treated across 12 European countries, the European Network for Tropical Medicine and Travel Health, or TropNet, regularly collects data. Now, a report on all of its severe malaria cases between 2006 and 2014 offers an unprecedented look at malaria treatment across the continent. Over the 8-year period, epidemiologists counted 185 cases of severe malaria in the network, primarily following visits to West or central Africa. The outcome was good for the vast majority of patients: 98.4 percent survived. But there was a lot of variation in how people were treated. Hospitals used 56 different drug combinations..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Known as the “Roof of Africa”, the highlands of Ethiopia are a lofty oasis. Though situated near the equator, the region enjoys cool temperatures year-round thanks to its high elevation—about 1200 meters above sea level. But a changing climate could change that over the next century. Researchers at MIT project that towards the end of the 21st century the Ethiopian highlands in East Africa will be at a significantly high risk for transmitting malaria, transforming this temperate haven into a breeding ground for disease. The work follows up on the team’s previous research on West Africa. There, the researchers acknowledged, malaria currently poses a big threat. A combination of high rainfall and warm temperatures create the ideal conditions for mosquitos to breed and spread disease..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This presentation provides an introduction to infectious diseases like tuberculosis, vector-borne diseases, puerperal sepsis, streptococcus septicemia, etc. and how these diseases have affected global health over the last two centuries and decades.

In this presentation the achievement regarding the 8 millennium goals (MDG), set by the United Nation’s member states to be reached by 2015 are reviewed, with emphasis on Infectious diseases, such as HIV, TB malaria and other vector-borne diseases, including Chagas’ disease and African trypanosomiasis, the latter belong to the ‘neglected tropical diseases’. What made it happen and why (not) is discussed.

Despite a steady decline in recent years, malaria continues to be a major cause of ill health and poverty in large parts of the world. The purpose of this video lesson is to get the student to think critically about what might have caused this change, and how infection and disease is affected by human intervention and other drivers of change. Additionally, to encourage the student to engage actively in efforts to combat major infectious disease obstacles to a more equitable world.

Even though malaria cases have gone down in the past 20 years, the battle is still not won, and in some places there's a backlash. There is also the threat of drug resistance that can revert this positive trend. Learn more about our third biggest child killer - malaria.
Get transcript for video here: https://www.oercommons.org/courseware/module/58789/overview

Downloadable transcripts for the videos from Karolinska Institutet, from the course "An Introduction to Global Health".The course is originally published at EdX. 

Malaria is a disease caused by four identified spicies of Plasmodia, namely Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae. It is transmitted by the female anopheles mosquito. It is a disease that can be treated in just 48hrs, yet it can cause fatal complications if the diagnosis and treatment are delayed. It is re-emerging as the the number one infectious killer and it is the number on priority tropical disease of the World Health Organization.

In this presentation, we will discuss the Malaria Elimination Project, and why community engagement is so important for this project. Specifically, we will focus on the three major components of community acceptance, which is understanding the human behavior, the geography and the social structure of the people living in the given community.

The focus of this presentation is to expand the students’ knowledge about the geographic information systems, GIS for the malaria Elimination project. In continuation of this we will discuss mass drug administration and health infrastructure.

This presentation provides an introduction to the Malaria Elimination task Force and their main objective, which is to develop and implement methods to eliminate Malaria rapidly.

In this presentation we will provide a brief overview of the life cycle of the malaria parasite, and hereby introduce the precise terms for the various phases.

In this presentation we will answer the two following questions regarding the Mass Drug Administration (MDA) intervention. What are the feasibility of the intervention and how can we monitor the evolution of Malaria and check whether or not the intervention had the expected impact?

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"In cancer, tumor cells secrete chemicals that suppress immune function by upregulating the expression of immune “brakes”. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors can release these brakes to effectively treat certain types of cancer. However, other types of cancer are resistant to checkpoint inhibitors, so alternate treatments are needed. In mouse models, infection with the malaria parasite Plasmodium can activate immune defense against cancer. Similarly, global human epidemiological data indicate that malaria occurrence is inversely associated with cancer mortality. In mice, Plasmodium induces proinflammatory molecule production, immune cell activation, and subsequent systemic immune responses while simultaneously upregulating the expression of brake molecules through a feedback mechanism of the immune system to prevent unchecked damage by these immune responses..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This is an interactive learning adventure for middle school students and has accompanying classroom activities and magazines. In Mission Four: Malady in Mabuufo, students learn about malaria, the history of malaria research, and disease vectors.

This is a problem-based learning adventure game that engages the player in the role of scientist, historian, and detective. At the beginning, the student is presented with a problem that must be solved. During the mission, students conduct field and laboratory investigations with the aid of the MedMyst characters. This mission can be played within one class period (approximately 30 to 45 minutes) and the knowledge gained from this mission will help students understand how infectious diseases are spread. This mission covers vectors, malaria, history of malaria, and immune system. Each mission is a self-contained problem and may be played without reliance on the other missions. Also available in Spanish.

This course focuses on the latest scientific developments and discoveries in the field of nanomechanics, the study of forces and motion on extremely tiny (10-9 m) areas of synthetic and biological materials and structures. At this level, mechanical properties are intimately related to chemistry, physics, and quantum mechanics. Most lectures will consist of a theoretical component that will then be compared to recent experimental data (case studies) in the literature. The course begins with a series of introductory lectures that describes the normal and lateral forces acting at the atomic scale. The following discussions include experimental techniques in high resolution force spectroscopy, atomistic aspects of adhesion, nanoindentation, molecular details of fracture, chemical force microscopy, elasticity of single macromolecular chains, intermolecular interactions in polymers, dynamic force spectroscopy, biomolecular bond strength measurements, and molecular motors.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL), a malignancy of immune B cells, is the most common childhood cancer in sub-Saharan Africa eBL is curable when it's identified early, but it's rapidly fatal without treatment Children in sub-Saharan Africa are over 50 times more likely to develop eBL than children living anywhere else in the world Unfortunately, few studies have examined the risk factors associated with eBL To address that gap, researchers conducted a study of eBL in children in three countries in East Africa They analyzed the relationship between eBL and infections, environmental, and genetic risk factors and focused their conclusions on results observed in at least two countries to minimize false-positives Risk of eBL was associated with low socio-economic status inpatient malaria treatment and living in areas targeted for malaria suppression In addition to exploring eBL risk factors, this study also demonstrates the potential to study cancer risk in East Africa and to detect, treat, or prevent e.."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"In the battle against mosquito-born disease, scientists are turning to one of the world’s oldest practices for help: matchmaking. Releasing sterile or genetically altered male mosquitoes into the wild to mate with females prevents those mosquitoes from reproducing and going on to spread disease. But understanding more about what females find attractive could help create males they’ll mate with. So what do female mosquitoes look for in a mate? Researchers from the United Kingdom recently revealed that being a good listener matters…at least to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, a species responsible for transmitting diseases such as yellow fever, dengue, and Zika. Many mosquito species mate in midair. As they fly, their beating wings produce unique sound patterns, and a male must match a female’s sound pattern to gain her romantic interest. This is called harmonic convergence. Various factors influence how well the insects can match these mating tunes, but the researchers decided to focus on body size..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.