This unit covers the history and evolution of computer networks, including the various types of network communications. Various forms of networking addressing are also covered, including network topologies, standards and protocols, logical model concepts, network hardware, and wireless communication.

Preface

Neural Foundations of Communication was developed for undergraduate neurology classes in the study of communication sciences and disorders. Anatomy and Physiology is a prerequisite to gain an understanding of neurology as it relates to communication. As such, this book contains some of the foundational information from the anatomy textbook, “Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology for Communication Sciences” for review.

The authors intended to cover the coursework with this textbook to customize the sequence of learning objectives and support rising Speech-Language Pathologists. We developed our first open educational resource (OER) textbook in 2020, shortly after the COVID-19 Pandemic began. Reducing the costs of study materials helps rising SLPs progress toward their certification without interruptions due to financial constraints. Developing the Open Education Resource (OER) resources is our ongoing effort to support future SLPs.

A large part of this book is from various OpenStax textbooks. OpenStax is a nonprofit organization based out of Rice University in Houston, Texas. Its open resource textbooks cover a vast amount of information for two-semester core curriculum courses in various disciplines. OpenStax generously permits educators to use their books' content in part or in whole to develop textbooks customized for each instructor's course structure. The present textbook's content from other open resources, such as OpenStax, is color-coded in black ink. Additional information concerning communication sciences and disorders appears in blue ink. The original OpenStax texts are accessible free of charge at https://openstax.org/subjects. This textbook includes applicable content from the OpenStax books Anatomy and Physiology, Psychology, and Biology for AP® Course.

This textbook contains various images produced by the renowned Dr. Willard R. Zemlin (1929-1998) with permission. Dr. Zemlin was one of the most influential scholars in anatomy and physiology concerning communication sciences and disorders. Dr. Zemlin's son, Mr. Karl Zemlin, kindly sharpened numerous images to provide high-resolution pictures. Mr. Zemlin expressed his appreciation for the generosity of those who donated their bodies to science throughout his father's studies. A full collection of Dr. Zemlin's work is accessible at his memorial website http://zemlin.shs.uiuc.edu/zemlinBio.htm of which Mr. Zemlin is the webmaster.

This textbook also incorporates additional OER materials from various information from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), branches of National Institute of Health, Wikimedia Commons, and other Wikimedia websites. The “Wiki-“ series offers a wide range of information under Creative Common (CC) licenses, allowing the use and remix of the materials. This textbook would not have been possible without the contributions of OpenStax, Mr. Karl Zemlin, and generous providers of CDC, NIH, and Wikimedia Commons resources. We sincerely appreciate their kindness. We have made this textbook available for our future colleagues to gain entry-level scientific knowledge applicable for serving individuals with communication disorders.

June S. Levitt, Ph.D., LDT, CCC-SLP
Sarah L. Guigneaux, M.S., CCC-SLP

August 2021
Contact: OpenResource2020@gmail.com

Short Description:
The provision of northern health care entails many unique challenges and circumstances that are rarely represented in mainstream health sciences education. This OpenEd Resource provides accessible content on health and health care from a northern perspective for the growing number of health professionals being educated in northern communities.

Long Description:
The provision of northern health care entails many unique challenges and circumstances that are rarely represented in mainstream health sciences education. This open access, online resource consists of 38 short chapters from a variety of experts, academics, and practitioners in northern and Indigenous health and health care from around the Circumpolar North on the following themes: Health issues in northern and Indigenous communities Health systems and governance The social determinants of health in northern and Indigenous communities Culture and health Professional practice in rural/remote/isolated communities

The learning objectives for this OpenEd textbook include: Understanding the unique healthcare needs and professional responsibilities that result from remoteness and population sparsity; Identifying the social, environmental and cultural aspects of a community that inform and impact care needs; Appreciating traditional and Indigenous medicines and approaches to healing as part of a holistic care system; and Exploring the similarities and differences in northern health care across the circumpolar region.

Word Count: 89765

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Short Description:
Return to milneopentextbooks.org to download PDF and other versions of this textNewParaNursing Care at the End of Life: What Every Clinician Should Know addresses an essential component of the basic educational preparation for the professional registered nurse student. Recent studies show that only one in four nurses feel confident in caring for dying patients and their families and less than 2% of overall content in nursing textbooks are related to end-of-life care. Despite the tremendous growth in palliative and end-of-life care programs across the country, very few nursing education programs provide adequate education on this topic for future nurses. The purpose of this textbook is to provide an in-depth look at death and dying in this country and explore the vital role of the nurse in assisting patients and families along the journey towards the end of life. There is an emphasis throughout the book on the simple, yet understated value of effective interpersonal communication between the patient and clinician. The text provides a basic foundation for understanding death and dying, including a brief historical examination of some main conceptual models associated with how patients cope with impending loss. An overview of illness trajectories and models of care, such as hospice and palliative care, are discussed. Lastly, the latest evidence based approaches for pain and symptom management, ethical concerns, cultural considerations, care at the time of death, and bereavement are examined. The goal of this text is to foster the necessary skills for nurses to provide compassionate care to individuals who are nearing the end of life and families who are experiencing the loss of a loved one. Every chapter contains a “What You Should Know” section which highlights and reinforces the main message nurses should know when caring for their patient.

Long Description:
Nursing Care at the End of Life: What Every Clinician Should Know addresses an essential component of the basic educational preparation for the professional registered nurse student. Recent studies show that only one in four nurses feel confident in caring for dying patients and their families and less than 2% of overall content in nursing textbooks are related to end-of-life care. Despite the tremendous growth in palliative and end-of-life care programs across the country, very few nursing education programs provide adequate education on this topic for future nurses. The purpose of this textbook is to provide an indepth look at death and dying in this country and explore the vital role of the nurse in assisting patients and families along the journey towards the end of life. There is an emphasis throughout the book on the simple, yet understated value of effective interpersonal communication between the patient and clinician. The text provides a basic foundation for understanding death and dying, including a brief historical examination of some main conceptual models associated with how patients cope with impending loss. An overview of illness trajectories and models of care, such as hospice and palliative care, are discussed. Lastly, the latest evidence based approaches for pain and symptom management, ethical concerns, cultural considerations, care at the time of death, and bereavement are examined. The goal of this text is to foster the necessary skills for nurses to provide compassionate care to individuals who are nearing the end of life and families who are experiencing the loss of a loved one. Every chapter contains a “What You Should Know” section which highlights and reinforces the main message nurses should know when caring for their patient.

Word Count: 45537

ISBN: 978-1-942341-19-2

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Word Count: 235965

ISBN: 9781734914146

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Word Count: 108070

ISBN: 9781734914184

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Word Count: 204875

ISBN: 9781734914160

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Word Count: 143694

ISBN: 9781734914108

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v. 2.0

Short Description:
This book is designed as an Open Education Resource (OER) for introductory nutrition courses and has been adopted for use in high schools and colleges. Topics covered include basic nutrition and metabolism, information literacy, body weight and health, nutrition across life stages, dietary supplements, an in-depth look at each of the macronutrients, and major functions of vitamins and minerals. The second edition of Nutrition: Science and Everyday Application was released in August 2022. The second edition includes a fully revised Unit 7 (Body Weight and Health) and minor revisions to Unit 10 (Nutrition and Physical Activity). In June 2023, Unit 2 (Nutrition Science and Information Literacy) was significantly updated along with the ancillary materials for Unit 2. The remainder of the OER and the accompanying ancillary materials are the same as the first edition, originally published in December 2020.

Word Count: 159133

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

Within this book you will find many of the skills an EMT will be expected to perform. Each student is required to complete each skill a minimum number of times. This effort will assist the instructional team in tracking your progress, as well as provide you with the documentation necessary to prove proficiency for national and state certification. The skills in this text are important to master but remember, a truly proficient EMT is refreshing old skills and acquiring new ones throughout their career.

Word Count: 35773

This introductory unit discusses some of the underlying concepts of health, culture, and how health informatics applications can be used to study culture.

This Open Educational Resource text has been created from a combination of original content and materials compiled and adapted from a number of open text publications.Attributions are more clearly delineated in the License and Attributions area of this textbook, including descriptions of which sections were edited prior to their inclusion.This Open Textbook is designed to be a comprehensive coverage of Psychopathology and Abnormal behavior in a clinical context, reflecting past and current research, including coverage of the DSM-5.  Note from the author* : The variability of the in text citations and the absence of foot notes, reflect the very nature of this compilation of various source materials. We hope that this will not distract the reader. Original texts can be found by following the attribution url, for those interested in original authors, especially when a reference to research has been made.*Dr. Sonja Miller is a Clinical Psychologist and Visiting Assistant Professor at Suny Albany and Adjunct Professor of Psychology at Hudson Valley Community College (at the State University of New York at Albany).*Minimal adjustments made By Dr. Debra J Matchinsky at North Hennepin Community College include the name of the text and cover image created by Dr. Matchinsky using free images from Pexels.com. 

This patient education program discusses both acute and chronic pancreatitis, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It also reviews the anatomy of the digestive system. This resource is a MedlinePlus Interactive Health Tutorial from the National Library of Medicine, designed and developed by the Patient Education Institute.

Short Description:
This book has been created for students and all individuals who work with children and families (e.g., educators, parents, caregivers, direct support workers, etc.) in diverse contexts. It is imperative to understand how and what factors may influence child outcomes across the lifespan. Therefore, key concepts related to parenting, child-rearing, care-giving, and parenting education are outlined in this textbook to provide historical, theoretical, and practical perspectives across vast settings and developmental domains.

Long Description:
This book has been created for students and all individuals who work with children and families (e.g., educators, parents, caregivers, direct support workers, etc.) in diverse contexts. It is imperative to understand how and what factors may influence child outcomes across the lifespan. Therefore, key concepts related to parenting, child-rearing, care-giving, and parenting education are outlined in this textbook to provide historical, theoretical, and practical perspectives across vast settings and developmental domains.

Word Count: 75635

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)

This patient education program discusses the symptoms, and treatment options for Parkinson's Disease, including their benefits and side effects. It also reviews the anatomy of the central nervous system. This resource is a MedlinePlus Interactive Health Tutorial from the National Library of Medicine, designed and developed by the Patient Education Institute.

From the Tissue Level to Clinical Manifestations and Inter-professional Care

Short Description:
This multimedia resource provides the science behind the disease that a health care professional is managing and an explanation of the signs and symptoms a patient is experiencing, starting at the tissue level. Each disease begins with a review of normal anatomy, histology and physiology - followed by the changes the disease has on the tissue (histopathology or anatomic pathology), organ (gross pathology), and function (pathophysiology). Videos and photos of gross pathological specimens & histological slides are included in every topic, with videolessons guiding viewers on the observable pathological changes. Because working with patients in their health journey is a team affair, this resource highlights the interprofessional collaboration that occurs between health care providers. This resource includes personal interviews with many health care professionals, explaining their role in a patient's diagnosis and/or treatment and management.

Long Description:
This multimedia resource is intended to ‘bridge the gap’ between normal anatomy and pathology texts and clinically-oriented resources. This resource is intended to provide the science behind the disease that a health care professional is managing and an explanation of the signs and symptoms a patient is experiencing. Each disease begins with a review of normal anatomy, histology and physiology – followed by the changes the disease has on the tissue (histopathology or anatomic pathology), organ (gross pathology), and function (pathophysiology). Videos and photos of gross pathological specimens & histological slides are included in every topic, with videolessons guiding viewers on the observable pathological changes.

Because working with patients in their health journey is a team affair, this resource highlights the interprofessional collaboration that occurs between health care providers. This resource includes personal interviews with many health care professionals, explaining their role in a patient’s diagnosis and/or treatment and management.

When appropriate, this resource includes parts from other Open Education resources which speak in more detail on normal anatomy & physiology, clinical skills, interprofessional collaboration, and the patient experience with a visit to the hospital.

Word Count: 337130

ISBN: 978-1-990132-13-1

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Welcome to the PressBook for Pathophysiology for the PTA. This book is designed to guide the learner through a series of short readings, pictures, videos, and activities to help visualize and apply concepts covered in the course. This PressBook is a “work in progress” and any comments or suggestions are greatly appreciated, as the PressBook is easily corrected or changed to reflect new ideas in health care. Presently, limited chapters are included in the PressBook, but more chapters are being created so that someday soon, all body systems will be covered. For now, only the cardiovascular, pulmonary, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems are included, but expect this PressBook to continually grow and change. In the meantime, enjoy the learning.

This course teaches participants to communicate clearly and effectively in both speech and in writing, using conventional professional language and observing basic principles of etiquette in workplace conversations and correspondence. 

This unit defines privacy, confidentiality, and security of health information, including the HIPPA Privacy and Security Rules.