The drum is the heartbeat of the Arapaho Tribe. In the accompanying lesson plan (found in the Support Materials) students will learn that the drum represents thunder and the drumsticks represent lightning. Our old people would make songs for the family. If some person was going to war, we would make songs. Traditionally women wore blankets or a shawl. The drums were for the singers to use. When a woman took off her shawl, they would sing a song for a style of dance. But it has changed, now it's the other way around the women put on their shawls. Today we call it round dance, participation dance, or social friendship to get everybody together. The drum was very important and was considered sacred. It still is.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Students will learn how to make a Native American Drum from beginning to end.
Students will learn the Art of weaving/looping the raw hide straps when lacing up the straps/raw hide drum.

The Storm of the Century: The Blizzard of 49 is a WyomingPBS documentary. This documentary tells the story of the worst series of storms in Wyoming's history. But for all the tragedy and loss, suffering, and death, there was hope and heroism, unselfish sacrifice, and generosity. Students will learn about the Blizzard of 1949 and how the State of Wyoming and the Civil Air Patrol responded.

The resource videos are based on this documentary and include associated lesson plans. There are three video clips. Clip one starts at the beginning and ends at 2:50 minutes, Clip two begins at 3:50 minutes and ends at 5:50 minutes, clip three begins at 6:00 minutes and ends at 8:41 minutes.

Sensitive: This resource contains material that may be sensitive for some students. Teachers should exercise discretion in evaluating whether this resource is suitable for their class.

Learn about the techniques gold miners used to collect gold ore from the area around South Pass City, as well as the hazards they faced during the mining process.

In the accompany lesson plan (found in the Support Materials), students will watch a video that explains the mining process and hazards, and then create caution signs to show their understanding of the challenges the miners faced. Finally, the students will take part in a collaborative STEM challenge to build a working hoist using a limited amount of supplies.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Students will develop grade level appropriate speaking and listening skills, as described by the standards.
Students will understand how technology impacted the mining process of early gold miners, as well as the hazards the miners faced.
Students will define a design problem and use limited resources to solve it.

Learn about the Wyoming gold rush that occurred in South Pass City, and explore the varied perspectives of the people who experienced the gold rush in the 1840’s-1860’s.

In the accompanying lesson plan (found in the Support Materials), students will watch a video that introduces the gold rush and the people who were impacted by it, and then hold a discussion to understand the multiple perspectives. Then, the students take part in a creative writing activity in which they create a piece of text from one of the perspectives.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Students will develop grade level appropriate speaking and listening skills, as described by the standards.
Students will learn how to write a fictional narrative based on nonfiction resources, following a set of parameters.
Students will understand the motivations and perspectives of various people during the Wyoming gold rush.

In this lesson, students will watch a video outlining the workings of tribal government of the two
tribes on the Wind River Reservation. Students will read assigned material and define vocabulary
words, and create complete sentences using vocabulary words. Students will present findings to
entire class and have class discussions.

Students will take notes as they view video #5- "How does Tribal Government Work at Wind
River?"
Research tribal, state and federal governments and complete the note diagrams for each.

Demonstrate an understanding of the three governments through compare and contrast three-
column notes.

The Kindness Curriculum, available in both Spanish and English, has been shown to help students self-regulate, improve peer relationships, develop a stronger sense of empathy and kindness, and positively impact academic performance and social competence.

'Lived History' documents the making of the Wind River Virtual Museum, a high definition archive of Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho ancestral artifacts. In the accompanying lesson plan (found in the Support Materials) students will learn from the time when Europeans first traveled in North America, they took collectors' interest in the arts, weaponry and attire of Native Americans. Sometimes they purchased artifacts, sometimes they stole them, and sometimes they killed for them. Over the years, pipes, war bonnets, cradle boards and parfleches accumulated in museums. The method of acquisition was often forgotten; exact historical documentation was often difficult. Many of the artifacts have perished or deteriorated over time. Many ancient artifacts remain in the vaults and display cases of museums far from their place of origin or the people who might best explain and appreciate them.

"Lived History" documents the creation of the 'Wind River Virtual Museum'—an archive of high definition images of ancestral artifacts created with guidance from Wind River tribal elders. Items like nineteenth century amulets, bags, drums, ceremonial headdresses and robes, everyday clothing, medicine related objects, hunting apparel, moccasins, and other meaningful objects were brought out of storage and displayed for the elders. Their commentary becomes part of the precarious and precious transmission of oral culture that the people of Wind River strive to honor and preserve, for future generations.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Students will learn about different artifacts of the Shoshone and the Arapaho people and their significance/use.
Students will gain a deeper appreciation for the resiliency of people and the importance of cultural preservation.
Students will explore their own cultural identity and understand that culture is a system of beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that guide behavior and are shared by a group of people.
Students will name three objects identified in the Lived History video and gain an understanding of their uses and cultural significance.
Students will dentify some of the resources used to make traditional items and locate areas in which these resources are found.

Students will learn about Wyoming’s pronghorn population and the challenges it faces from human activity. Students will watch portions of the PBS documentary “Migrations” to learn about the pronghorn and how humans are working to protect the pronghorn’s migration route.

Students will learn about the animals that use the migration corridor that stretches from the Grand Tetons in Northwest Wyoming to the Red Desert in South Central Wyoming. Students will watch portions of the PBS documentary “Migrations” to learn about about the challenges these species face. Students will identify threats to animals that use the migration corridor and develop potential solutions that could reduce the negative impact of human activities.

The Miss Indian America Pageant was launched by Sheridan residents in the 1950's to combat discrimination. In the accompanying lesson plan (found in the Support Materials) students will view the story told through the eyes of Miss Indian America title holders who held a reunion in 2013, serving as grand marshals in the Sheridan, WY Rodeo parade and commemorating a legacy of bridging cultures.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Students will identify the reason why the town of Sheridan, WY started the Miss Indian America Pageant.
Students will define the given vocabulary words.

Recently, you may have noticed a lot of big news coming out of Indigenous America, from protests at Standing Rock to the return of wild bison to efforts to bring home ancestral remains and artifacts. But when you talk to the movers and shakers, the conversation often comes back around to a bitter history – the Plains Indian Wars. In Season 6 of the Modern West Podcast, we hear the story from the point of view of the Plains tribes themselves. We discover how raw that story still is, and yet how communities are coming together to heal it.

Students will learn about Nellie Tayloe Ross to observe Nellie Tayloe Ross Day.

Students will learn about land formation, fossils, and erosion from the WyomingPBS documentary "Over Wyoming"

Art has always played an important role throughout the civilized world. Based on the WyomingPBS documentary "Painting the Falls of Yellowstone" the waterfalls of Yellowstone National Park have long captured the imagination of visitors and artists alike. Artists Thomas Moran and Albert Bierstadt first captured the magnificence and mystique of a few falls in the 1870s which helped establish the park. Over the last several decades, over 250 named and unnamed waterfalls and cascades have been discovered in accessible and backcountry areas of the Park. Their discovery prompted Cody-based and internationally renowned artist M.C. "Mike" Poulsen to try and capture these waterfalls on canvas. His work depicts not only the beauty of the falls but incorporates Native American history and spiritual themes, wildlife and the settlement history of the area. WyomingPBS followed Poulsen over two years providing insight into his vision and creative process. Archaeologists have used art as an indicator for classifying wealth, status, or prominence of individuals, cities, and civilizations. In today's world it does much the same but it can also bring about change as well as persuasion and preservation of ideas and culture. This can be seen in How Art Saved Yellowstone.

In the center of Wyoming is the seventh largest and fifth most populated Indian Reservation in
the United States: the Wind River Reservation, home of the Eastern Shoshone and Northern
Arapaho tribes. This learning module,"Why Teach Native American History", emphasizes the
value and beauty in Native American Culture and the importance for all people to understand the
history of American. In the module it is discussed that the two tribes have a long history in
Wyoming and were, in fact, long here before Wyoming became a state. Tribal members featured
in the module relay that it is important for people to understand who they are as tribal people and
that they are not all just clumped together in one tribe.

This learning module,"Who Are the People of the Wind River Reservation" outlines the
establishment, location and inhabitants of the Wind River Reservation. It tells of the sharing of
the reservation by two tribes, the Eastern Shoshone and the Northern Arapaho and the vast
resources located on the reservation.

This learning module,"Who Are the Northern Arapaho?" explores how the Northern Arapaho people came to Wyoming. It also explains the values of the Northern Arapaho people and gives background from a tribal member on why Natives had their names changed by the government.

This learning module,"How Does Tribal Government Work?" outlines the relationships between Tribal, State and the Federal Government. It also points out the relationship between the two tribes and how their governmental structure is unique.

This learning module,"Preserving the Ways - Culture & Tradition", has Eastern Shoshone and Northern Arapaho tribal members speak of the importance of maintaining their languages and traditions to preserve their identities as tribal members and what they are doing to retain their culture.