This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Our bodies are home to millions of microscopic organisms – our microbiome. While these microbes have many important functions that maintain our health and well-being, our microbiome changes as we age, which can cause infection or inflammation. Understanding these changes in humans is difficult due to our long lifespan and confounding factors such as healthcare and diet. A recent study used an animal model – free-ranging rhesus macaques – to better understand the changes that occur in our microbiomes with age, using a cross-sectional dataset of oral, rectal, and genital swabs collected from 105 macaques belonging to one social group. In contrast to adult macaques, researchers found that infant gut microbial communities had higher abundances of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides, consistent with a milk-rich diet. The genital microbiome varied substantially between males and females, and while penile microbiomes changed with age, vaginal microbiomes did not..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Changes in the gut microbiota are associated with numerous ageing-related disorders. Microbiome rejuvenation through probiotic treatment or faecal microbiota transplantation can promote healthy ageing. However, in animal studies, it remains difficult to successfully prolong the health span of aged mice via gut microbiome manipulation. Researchers recently attempted several methods to rejuvenate the microbiomes of aged mice by co-housing young and old mice, injecting old mice with serum from young mice, and surgically combining young and old mice via their circulatory systems. As mice aged, the gut microbiota composition and gene abundance changed dynamically, but the rejuvenation procedures reversed the deterioration of microbe communities and intestinal immunity in aged mice. According to metagenomics, high abundance of Akkermansia (AK) bacteria and the activity of the butyrate synthesis pathway played key roles in the restorative effects..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

The veracity of substantive research claims hinges on the way experimental data are collected and analyzed. In this article, we discuss an uncomfortable fact that threatens the core of psychology’s academic enterprise: almost without exception, psychologists do not commit themselves to a method of data analysis before they see the actual data. It then becomes tempting to fine tune the analysis to the data in order to obtain a desired result—a procedure that invalidates the interpretation of the common statistical tests. The extent of the fine tuning varies widely across experiments and experimenters but is almost impossible for reviewers and readers to gauge. To remedy the situation, we propose that researchers preregister their studies and indicate in advance the analyses they intend to conduct. Only these analyses deserve the label “confirmatory,” and only for these analyses are the common statistical tests valid. Other analyses can be carried out but these should be labeled “exploratory.” We illustrate our proposal with a confirmatory replication attempt of a study on extrasensory perception.

Our human society consists of many intertwined Large Scale Socio-Technical Systems (LSSTS), such as infrastructures, industrial networks, the financial systems etc. Environmental pressures created by these systems on Earth‰ŰŞs carrying capacity are leading to exhaustion of natural resources, loss of habitats and biodiversity, and are causing a resource and climate crisis. To avoid this sustainability crisis, we urgently need to transform our production and consumption patterns. Given that we, as inhabitants of this planet, are part of a complex and integrated global system, where and how should we begin this transformation? And how can we also ensure that our transformation efforts will lead to a sustainable world? LSSTS and the ecosystems that they are embedded in are known to be Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS). According to John Holland CAS are "...a dynamic network of many agents (which may represent cells, species, individuals, firms, nations) acting in parallel, constantly acting and reacting to what the other agents are doing. The control of a CAS tends to be highly dispersed and decentralized. If there is to be any coherent behavior in the system, it will have to to arise from competition and cooperation among the agents themselves. The overall behavior of the system is the result of a huge number of decisions made every moment" by many individual agents. Understanding Complex Adaptive Systems requires tools that themselves are complex to create and understand. Shalizi defines Agent Based Modeling as "An agent is a persistent thing which has some state we find worth representing, and which interacts with other agents, mutually modifying each other‰ŰŞs states. The components of an agent-based model are a collection of agents and their states, the rules governing the interactions of the agents and the environment within which they live." This course will explore the theory of CAS and their main properties. It will also teach you how to work with Agent Based Models in order to model and understand CAS.

Thus begins this amazing; book—both a thrilling story of personal danger in Italy’s underground movement, and a fully detailed, authentic report on the crumbling of Italian Fascist morale under the terror of German occupancy.

The gripping adventures experienced by S. K. during his undercover work in Italy give us a picture of methods which more than match all we have heard of German and Russian espionage work. Yet they are absolutely bona fide—the author’s credentials have been carefully checked. He remains anonymous for the protection of those colleagues still carrying on the Democratic revolution.

Working with groups of fearless Italian patriots, it was S. K. who first revealed to the outside world through confidential information on Germany’s flame-throwing tanks, the intention of Mussolini to move against Greece, the use of American dollars for the purchase of oil in French African ports by submarine captions, the shipping of Messerschimitts to Central America, the existence of camouflaged airports in Nicaragua and Bolivia, the sending of Stukas to Japan, and the building of new Condors in Holland.

In addition to these sensational disclosures, agent in Italy now reveals fully detailed story of the German occupation of Italy, giving facts and figures, including an estimate of 400,000 Germans now keeping the junior Axis partner under shaky control.
Filled with tense and breathless incident, this book, the first to disclose the bitter ordeal of Italy, bring the excitement of the mystery novel to one of the most important factual documents of our day.

This is the output of Etwinning Project Agents of Change: Young Voices for the Environment!
The challenge is to integrate environmental education concepts into all aspects of quality education by considering three domains: the environment, education and society. Students will need basic knowledge from the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities to understand the principles of sustainable development. Reorienting the existing learning environments of schools towards eco-friendly schools is the next innovative and relevant step towards enhanced quality education.
While young people are among the most vulnerable to climate change, they need not be considered passive or helpless victims. Through education, projects and action, young people can contribute to every aspect of climate change policymaking, mitigation and adaptation. Youth are powerful agents of change.
In this project we are aiming to bring together school students from across different European countries (to promote mutual understanding, increase leadership skills, and prepare them to make a difference.

Open science practices are broadly applicable within the field of aging research. Across study types, these practices carry the potential to influence changes within research practices in aging science that can improve the integrity and reproducibility of studies. Resources on open science practices in aging research can, however, be challenging to discover due to the breadth of aging research and the range of resources available on the subject. By accumulating resources on open science and aging research and compiling them in a centralized location, we hope to facilitate the discoverability and use of these resources among researchers who study aging, and among any other interested parties.  Unfortunately, not all resources are openly available. The following list of resources, while not open access, provide valuable perspectives, information, and insight into the open science movement and its place in aging research. 

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"A new study has found that the amount of agitation experienced by residents of care homes who have dementia has an important impact on their quality of life. At least forty percent of people living with dementia experience significant symptoms of agitation. These include restlessness, pacing, shouting, and verbal or even physical aggression. People with dementia who display such behavior are more likely to move to a care home. The study, the largest of its type ever conducted, explored how agitation affects the quality of life of this growing population of people. Researchers interviewed more than 1400 residents with dementia and staff caregivers in 92 care homes in England. They also talked to next-of-kin and staff looking after the residents. The goal was to understand staff coping style and to monitor resident’s quality of life and agitation over a period of 16 months. Caring for people living with dementia can be challenging..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Agnes de Mille was one of the preeminent American choreographers of the twentieth century.

This resource is from a collection of biographies of famous women. It is provided by the National Women's History Museum, and may include links to supplemental materials including lesson plans about the subject and related topics, links to related biographies, and "works cited" pages. The biographies are sponsored by Susan D. Whiting.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Metastasis is the leading cause of breast cancer-related death, but traditional Chinese medicines such as Aiduqing (ADQ) can help prevent it. ADQ is known to target caveolin-1, CXCL1-mediated autophagy, and matrix metalloproteinase-related epithelial-mesenchymal transition, but it remains unclear whether it also modulates tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)/CXCL1 activity to remodel the tumor microenvironment. To find out, researchers recently examined the effects of ADQ in mice and cultured cells. In mice, ADQ significantly reduced xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis without causing toxicity. ADQ also remodeled the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Mechanistic studies revealed that ADQ reduced CXCL1 expression and secretion from TAMs to suppress CD4+ T cell chemotaxis and Treg differentiation, thus increasing CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This designed instruction looks to provide students with the tools they need to become an active participant in reading and writing. The specific focus of this one-hour OER module will be to aid learners in determining main ideas and supporting details in statements and paragraphs. Learners will be able to understand the main idea of a paragraph and identify the supporting details that promote the main point.