The veracity of substantive research claims hinges on the way experimental data are collected and analyzed. In this article, we discuss an uncomfortable fact that threatens the core of psychology’s academic enterprise: almost without exception, psychologists do not commit themselves to a method of data analysis before they see the actual data. It then becomes tempting to fine tune the analysis to the data in order to obtain a desired result—a procedure that invalidates the interpretation of the common statistical tests. The extent of the fine tuning varies widely across experiments and experimenters but is almost impossible for reviewers and readers to gauge. To remedy the situation, we propose that researchers preregister their studies and indicate in advance the analyses they intend to conduct. Only these analyses deserve the label “confirmatory,” and only for these analyses are the common statistical tests valid. Other analyses can be carried out but these should be labeled “exploratory.” We illustrate our proposal with a confirmatory replication attempt of a study on extrasensory perception.

This book is a guide to implement simple agent-based evolutionary models using NetLogo.

Building on Complex Adaptive Systems theory and basic Agent Based Modeling knowledge presented in SPM4530, the Advanced course will focus on the model development process. The students are expected to conceptualize, develop and verify a model during the course, individually or in a group. The modeling tasks will be, as much as possible, based on real life research problems, formulated by various research groups from within and outside the faculty.
Study Goals The main goal of the course is to learn how to form a modeling question, perform a system decomposition, conceptualize and formalize the system elements, implement and verify the simulation and validate an Agent Based Model of a socio-technical system.

Our human society consists of many intertwined Large Scale Socio-Technical Systems (LSSTS), such as infrastructures, industrial networks, the financial systems etc. Environmental pressures created by these systems on Earth‰ŰŞs carrying capacity are leading to exhaustion of natural resources, loss of habitats and biodiversity, and are causing a resource and climate crisis. To avoid this sustainability crisis, we urgently need to transform our production and consumption patterns. Given that we, as inhabitants of this planet, are part of a complex and integrated global system, where and how should we begin this transformation? And how can we also ensure that our transformation efforts will lead to a sustainable world? LSSTS and the ecosystems that they are embedded in are known to be Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS). According to John Holland CAS are "...a dynamic network of many agents (which may represent cells, species, individuals, firms, nations) acting in parallel, constantly acting and reacting to what the other agents are doing. The control of a CAS tends to be highly dispersed and decentralized. If there is to be any coherent behavior in the system, it will have to to arise from competition and cooperation among the agents themselves. The overall behavior of the system is the result of a huge number of decisions made every moment" by many individual agents. Understanding Complex Adaptive Systems requires tools that themselves are complex to create and understand. Shalizi defines Agent Based Modeling as "An agent is a persistent thing which has some state we find worth representing, and which interacts with other agents, mutually modifying each other‰ŰŞs states. The components of an agent-based model are a collection of agents and their states, the rules governing the interactions of the agents and the environment within which they live." This course will explore the theory of CAS and their main properties. It will also teach you how to work with Agent Based Models in order to model and understand CAS.

This is the output of Etwinning Project Agents of Change: Young Voices for the Environment!
The challenge is to integrate environmental education concepts into all aspects of quality education by considering three domains: the environment, education and society. Students will need basic knowledge from the natural sciences, social sciences and humanities to understand the principles of sustainable development. Reorienting the existing learning environments of schools towards eco-friendly schools is the next innovative and relevant step towards enhanced quality education.
While young people are among the most vulnerable to climate change, they need not be considered passive or helpless victims. Through education, projects and action, young people can contribute to every aspect of climate change policymaking, mitigation and adaptation. Youth are powerful agents of change.
In this project we are aiming to bring together school students from across different European countries (to promote mutual understanding, increase leadership skills, and prepare them to make a difference.

Course: ED 100- INTRO TO EDUCATION (WEEK 6)

Following a 4 part film series “The Story of American Public Education” https://films.com/id/1538/School_The_Story_of_American_Public_Education.htm, students will have been considering issues of equity and access in the US school system up through the 1990s when the the age of accountability is introduced. This lays the groundwork for the next chapter: NCLB, ESSA and the Common Core.

ED 100 Introduction to Education for Paraeducators

Explores the roles of a variety of personnel in schools. Includes personal responses to school situations, students, other personnel and the roles of schools in American Society. Examines ethical, legal, and administrative implications for educators. Recommended as an initial course for those contemplating a career in education. Course is designed to ease the transition of students to college-level study. Audit available.

This is a PowerPoint lesson on New World exploration.  Topics discussed are explorers, tolls used for exploration, and the reasons for exploration.

The thing about European History is that it tends to leak out of Europe. Europeans haven't been great at staying put in Europe. As human beings do, the people of Europe were very busy traveling around to trade, to spread religion, and in a lot of cases to try and conquer other people. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Europeans developed a bunch of tools and techniques that would allow them to travel around the world, in numbers and force heretofore unseen on the planet. And a lot of the results weren't great for the people who already lived in the places Europeans were "visiting."

This is a syllabus for the course "The Age of Human Rights" (Capstone course – International Relations & International Law) designed for the University College Groningen (UCG), University of Groningen (the Netherlands). The syllabus is designed by taking into consideration the UCG’s focus on project-based education and it is further inspired by the design thinking approach to education.

This course aims to do two things. Firstly, to provide a good knowledge base on what international human rights are and what mechanisms exist to implement, supervise and enforce them. Secondly, to discuss in a critical manner how international human rights thinking has become inextricably linked to almost all areas of international cooperation. Students are asked to critically analyse specific human rights issues from a multi- or interdisciplinary perspective, thereby drawing upon information from the various disciplinary fields that they have covered in their programmes.

The first part of the course (6 sessions) is used to create the relevant knowledge base through interactive lectures. In the second part of the course (12 sessions), students are asked to work in small subgroups on particular issue areas which will be chosen in consultation with the instructors. The course concludes with a half-day conference on human rights in which the participating students act as panel members (this may be subject to change).

In which John Green teaches you about the presidency of Andrew Jackson So how did a president with astoundingly bad fiscal policies end up on the $20 bill? That's a question we can't answer, but we can tell you how Jackson got to be president, and how he changed the country when he got the job. Jackson's election was more democratic than any previous presidential election. More people were able to vote, and they picked a doozie. Jackson was a well-known war hero, and he was elected over his longtime political enemy, John Quincy Adams. Once Jackson was in office, he did more to expand executive power than any of the previous occupants of the White House. He used armed troops to collect taxes, refused to enforce legislation and supreme court legislation, and hired and fired his staff based on support in elections. He was also the first president to regularly wield the presidential veto as a political tool. Was he a good president? Watch this video and draw your own conclusions.

Chapters:
Introduction: the Age of Jackson
Democracy in the United States
Economics during the Era of Good Feelings
The Monroe Doctrine
John Quincy Adams
The Missouri Compromise
Martin Van Buren, "The Little Magician", and other Presidential Nicknames
Andrew Jackson's Presidential Campaign
The Democratic Party
The Whig Party
Jackson's Tariffs
The Indian Removal Act & The Trail of Tears
American Banking Under Jackson
Mystery Document
Jackson Ends the Second U.S. Bank
Inflation and the Panic of 1837
Legacy of the Age of Jackson
Credits

This course asks students to consider the ways in which social theorists, institutional reformers, and political revolutionaries in the 17th through 19th centuries seized upon insights developed in the natural sciences and mathematics to change themselves and the society in which they lived. Students study trials, art, literature and music to understand developments in Europe and its colonies in these two centuries. Covers works by Newton, Locke, Voltaire, Rousseau, Marx, and Darwin.

Short explanation with graphical quiz to check understanding, on the changes in aggregate demand, short run aggregate supply and long run aggregate supply and the things that can change them.

We've learned about demand for a good or service, but aggregate demand is different: its the demand for everything bought in an economy. In this video, we discuss how aggregate demand (AD) is different from demand and why aggregate demand is downward sloping. Created by Sal Khan.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Define aggressionDefine cyberbullyingDescribe the bystander effect

This chapter is apart of our Brain and Behavior Neuroscience open-access textbook. The content of this chapter focuses on aggression and aggressive behavior in animal models and humans. The neurophisology of aggression is explored, along with more specific topics of aggression like epigenetic influence and age influence. 

This chapter is apart of our Brain and Behavior Neuroscience open-access textbook. The content of this chapter focuses on aggression and aggressive behavior in animal models and humans. The neurophisology of aggression is explored, along with more specific topics of aggression like epigenetic influence and age influence. 

This module discusses the causes and consequences of human aggression and violence. Both internal and external causes are considered. Effective and ineffective techniques for reducing aggression are also discussed.

In our final episode of Crash Course Psychology, Hank discusses the ideas of Aggression and Altruism. These two things are difficult to understand and explain so sit tight and get ready to run the gauntlet of human emotions.

Chapters:
Introduction: Robber's Cave Experiment
Conflict vs. Cooperation
Aggression
Genetic, Neurological, & Biochemical Reasons for Aggression
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
Altruism
Bystander Effect
Why do we help others?
Social Exchange Theory & the Norm of Reciprocity
Social Responsibility Norm
Conflict & Self-Interest
Review & Credits
Credits