6.890 Algorithmic Lower Bounds: Fun with Hardness Proofs is a class taking a practical approach to proving problems can’t be solved efficiently (in polynomial time and assuming standard complexity-theoretic assumptions like P ≠ NP). The class focuses on reductions and techniques for proving problems are computationally hard for a variety of complexity classes. Along the way, the class will create many interesting gadgets, learn many hardness proof styles, explore the connection between games and computation, survey several important problems and complexity classes, and crush hopes and dreams (for fast optimal solutions).

Courses, music, games, comics, webinars, and more curated by the US State Department for English language instruction.

This article describes several traditional Inuit games and provides background information and resources for incorporating them into a lesson or unit on Inuit culture.

Create your own shapes using colorful blocks and explore the relationship between perimeter and area. Compare the area and perimeter of two shapes side-by-side. Challenge yourself in the game screen to build shapes or find the area of funky figures. Try to collect lots of stars!

Build rectangles of various sizes and relate multiplication to area. Discover new strategies for multiplying algebraic expressions. Use the game screen to test your multiplication and factoring skills!

Build rectangles of various sizes and relate multiplication to area. Discover new strategies for multiplying large numbers. Use the game screen to test your problem solving strategies!

The materials within this guide are intended to support multidisciplinary teams in or during the pre-production phase of serious game design as they collaborate in a facilitated workshop. It is critical that the workshop facilitators are familiar with the conceptual framework and proposed methodology in order to better support participants as they collaborate in the game design brainstorming and protoyping steps.

How do you know if a chemical equation is balanced? What can you change to balance an equation? Play a game to test your ideas!

Follow the journey of Caine from his early days of create cardboard games for people waiting at his family's business to the international Cardboard Challenge Day of Play.

This online game activity allows the learners to calculate their carbon footprint using a French language calculator developed by a Swiss environmental organization. Students will describe their results in French and engage in related expansion activities for the language class.

This online quiz on sustainable development can be used in French language classes to prepare intermediate-level students for discussions on environmental topics. The resource is excellent for immersion and content-based instruction.

Students complete a crossword puzzle to review the physical properties of minerals that are helpful in hand specimen identification. Mineral names and characteristics are particularly well-suited for a crossword format. Two versions are provided, one at an introductory level and one for more advanced undergraduates. Instructor files provided are easy to customize.

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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"In 2014, Major League Baseball, in conjunction with the MLB Players’ Association, instituted a controversial rule change designed to prevent home-plate collisions. Rule 7.13 states that a runner attempting to score may not deviate from his direct path to the plate to initiate contact with the catcher. Similarly, the catcher cannot block the runner’s path in his bid to score. Some players and managers were initially concerned that the rule would alter the nature of the game. But data show that in the higher-stakes matter of player safety, Rule 7.13 is a clear win. Using the MLB Health and Injury Tracking System, a database recording all injuries to players in the major and minor leagues, researchers from MLB and the MLB Players Association looked at how the 2014 rule change has altered the profile of player injuries. Specifically, they compared the incidence of some traumatic brain injuries, or TBIs, in the seasons prior to and after the change..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This course is an introduction to the theory and application of large-scale dynamic programming. Topics include Markov decision processes, dynamic programming algorithms, simulation-based algorithms, theory and algorithms for value function approximation, and policy search methods. The course examines games and applications in areas such as dynamic resource allocation, finance and queueing networks.

Foundations and philosophical applications of Bayesian decision theory, game theory and theory of collective choice. Why should degrees of belief be probabilities? Is it always rational to maximize expected utility? If so, why and what is its utility? What is a solution to a game? What does a game-theoretic solution concept such as Nash equilibrium say about how rational players will, or should, act in a game? How are the values and the actions of groups, institutions and societies related to the values and actions of the individuals that constitute them?

Este trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de los juegos libres en el desarrollo del pensamiento creativo en los estudiantes de 5 años de la Institución Educativa Nº 329 de Huancavelica. La metodología de los juegos libres ofrece una educación dinámica y activa en los estudiantes, la cual incentiva el desarrollo del pensamiento creativo en los estudiantes de 5 años, a través de un mayor sentido de seguridad y confianza en sí mismos. Esta metodología se realizó en un ambiente motivador y áreas libres, centrándose en la participación dinámica y motivadora, con el fin de fortalecer sus capacidades y habilidades, buscando que ellos desarrollen un aprendizaje autónomo. Con los resultados obtenidos se puede afirmar que los juegos libres favorecen directamente en el desarrollo del pensamiento creativo en los niños de 5 años, toda vez que t de Student con 53 grados de libertad, para muestras independientes, con una significancia del 5%, muestra un valor de 0.038 el cual es inferior al valor planteado, aceptando la hipótesis alternativa como válida.

Game Theory, also known as Multiperson Decision Theory, is the analysis of situations in which the payoff of a decision maker depends not only on his own actions but also on those of others. Game Theory has applications in several fields, such as economics, politics, law, biology, and computer science. In this course, I will introduce the basic tools of game theoretic analysis. In the process, I will outline some of the many applications of Game Theory, primarily in economics.

This OER Lesson plan/unit was created by Trinia Perigo as part of the 2023 World Language OER Summer work and training. Educators worked with NDE staff to create OER Learning Plans and materials. The attached Lesson Plan is designed for 9 - 12 World Language teachers for student learning of Mid Novice Learners of German. This Lesson Plan addresses the following NDE World Language Standard(s): NE WL 1.1, 1.2, 2.1